Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134555430
Author: Colleen Belk, Virginia Borden Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 5LTB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The cells perform several activities for their survival. These activities are called cellular activities. Replication, transcription and translation are important cellular activities.
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During transcription, ___________________.
a. A cell divides to make 2 new cells
b. A cell divides to make 4 new cells
c. DNA is used as a template to create mRNA
d. mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA work together to make proteins
Select the most complete list of correct structures involved in the process of transcription
a.
mRNA, amino acids, ribosomes, polypeptide chains
b.
DNA, mRNA, RNA polymerase, a promoter
c.
mRNA, polypeptide chains, RNA polymerase
d.
DNA, mRNA, amino acids
A scientist is interested in producing flowers with a darker red color. To do this, the scientist alters the promoter of the gene to make it more active. This results in increased transcription and increased red pigments. The scientist then alters the promoter to make it even more active. This results in white flowers with no red pigment. Genetic research showed an increase in the siRNA in the cell. What did the siRNA do to the mRNA?
A. The siRNA caused the mRNA to be broken down.
B. The siRNA caused alternative splicing of the mRNA.
C. The siRNA caused increased methylation of the mRNA.
D. The siRNA caused the ribosome to no longer recognize this mRNA.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
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- A promoter is ______. a. a specific sequence of DNA nucleotides b. a specific sequence of RNA nucleotides c. a protein that binds to DNA d. an enzyme that synthesizes RNAarrow_forwardIf the sequence of DNA on the template strand of a gene is AAA,the mRNA codon produced by transcription will be _______ andwill specify the amino acid _______ .a. AAA, lysineb. AAA, phenylalaninec. TTT, arginined. UUU, phenylalaninee. TTT, lysinearrow_forwardA binding site for RNA polymerase is called a .a. gene c. codonb. promoter d. proteinarrow_forward
- A scientist studies the production of a key digestive enzyme in silk moths. The moths have one gene for this enzyme, and the scientist extracts mRNA transcribed from this gene as well as protein translated from it. The gene has three introns in its sequence. If the researcher compares mRNA from inside the nucleus to mRNA from the ribosomes, what will be found? A. less mRNA in the nucleus B. shorter mRNA in the ribosomes C. identical mRNAs in both places D. mRNA covalently attached to protein in the nucleusarrow_forwardChoose the DNA sequence from which this mRNA sequence wastranscribed: 5′-AUACGAUUA-3′.a. 3′-TATGCTAAT-5′ c. 3′-UAUCGUAAU-5′b. 3′-UTUGCUTTU-5′ d. 3′-CTCAGCTTC-5′arrow_forwardIn protein synthesis, DNA transcription records the genetic message, while ribosomal ______________ interprets the message. ________________ carries the genetic code to the ribosomes to facilitate protein/amino acid synthesis. The genetic message to make a specific amino acid in a protein, is carried by a specific three nucleotide unit on the messenger RNA called a During transcription, the nitrogen base adenine on the DNA bonds with the nitrogen base ______________ on the messenger RNA. The enzyme __________________ unwinds the DNA double helix in DNA transcription.arrow_forward
- Which of the following phrases does not describe a function of the promoter? a. Serves as sequence to which transcription apparatus binds b. Determines the first nucleotide that is transcribed into RNA c. Determines which DNA strand is template d. Signals where transcription endsarrow_forwardRNA polymerase binds to a _________ to initiate _________. a. mRNA; translation b. promoter; transcription c. primer; transcription d. transcription factor; translationarrow_forwardWhich of the following are steps of transcription? Select all that apply. a.RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the noncoding strand of DNA. b.RNA polymerase binds to a gene’s promoter. c.RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the coding strand of DNA. d.RNA polymerase moves over the gene and unzips the double helix to form a “transcription bubble.”arrow_forward
- Which statement/s is/are TRUE about transcription?A. During transcription, DNA polymerase binds to RNA and separates the DNA strands.B. RNA polymerase uses one strand of DNA as a template to assemble nucleotides into a strand of RNA.C. RNA polymerase binds only to DNA promoters, which have specific base sequences.D. Promoters are signals in RNA that indicate to RNA polymerase where to begin transcription.E. Transcription occurs in the 3’ to 5’ direction with respect to the growing mRNA strand.arrow_forwardReverse transcriptase assembles a(n)_____ on a(n)_____ template. a. mRNA; DNA c. DNA; ribosome b. cDNA; mRNA d. protein; mRNAarrow_forwardImagine that a mutation in a DNA molecule results in the codon CCU being changed to CCC. Both of these codons code for proline. The fact that more than one codon can code for the same amino acid is referred to as ___ a. the ambiguity of the genetic code b. the redundancy of the genetic code c. the randomness of the genetic code d. mutations in the genetic codearrow_forward
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