Chemistry
Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133611097
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 150MP

General Zod has sold Lex Luthor what Zod claims to be a new copper-colored form of kryptonite, the only substance that can harm Superman. Lex, not believing in honor among thieves, decided to carry out some tests on the supposed kryptonite. From previous tests, Lex knew that kryptonite is a metal having a specific heat capacity of 0.082 J/g∙°C and a density of 9.2 g/cm3.

Lex Luther’s first experiment was an attempt to find the specific heat capacity of kryptonite. He dropped a 10 g ± 3 g sample of the metal into a boiling water bath at a temperature of 100.0°C ± 0.2°C. He waited until the metal had reached the bath temperature and then quickly transferred it to I 00 g ± 3 g of water that was contained in a calorimeter at an initial temperature of 25.0°C ± 0.2°C. The final temperature of the metal and water was 25.2°C. Based on these results, is it possible to distinguish between copper and kryptonite? Explain.

When Lex found that his results from the first experiment were inconclusive, he decided to determine the density of the sample. He managed to steal a better balance and determined the mass of another portion of the purported kryptonite to be 4 g ± 1 g. He dropped this sample into water contained in a 25-mL graduated cylinder and found that it displaced a volume of 0.42 mL ± 0.02 mL. Is the metal copper or kryptonite? Explain.

Lex was finally forced to determine the crystal structure of the metal General Zod had given him. He found that the cubic unit cell contained four atoms and had an edge length of 600. pm. Explain how this information enabled Lex to identify the metal as copper or kryptonite.

Will Lex be going after Superman with the kryptonite or seeking revenge on General Zod? What improvements could he have made in his experimental techniques to avoid performing the crystal structure determination?

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Chapter 10 Solutions

Chemistry

Ch. 10 - It is possible to balance a paper clip on the...Ch. 10 - Consider a sealed container half-filled with...Ch. 10 - Explain the following: You add 100 mL water to a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 4ALQCh. 10 - Prob. 5ALQCh. 10 - Why do liquids have a vapor pressure? Do all...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7ALQCh. 10 - What is the vapor pressure of water at 100C? How...Ch. 10 - Prob. 9ALQCh. 10 - Prob. 10ALQCh. 10 - Prob. 11ALQCh. 10 - In the diagram below, which lines represent the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 14QCh. 10 - Atoms are assumed to touch in closest packed...Ch. 10 - Define critical temperature and critical pressure....Ch. 10 - Use the kinetic molecular theory to explain why a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 18QCh. 10 - Prob. 19QCh. 10 - Describe what is meant by a dynamic equilibrium in...Ch. 10 - Prob. 21QCh. 10 - Prob. 22QCh. 10 - Prob. 23QCh. 10 - Prob. 24QCh. 10 - When wet laundry is hung on a clothesline on a...Ch. 10 - You have three covalent compounds with three very...Ch. 10 - Prob. 28QCh. 10 - Compare and contrast the structures of the...Ch. 10 - Silicon carbide (SiC) is an extremely hard...Ch. 10 - How could you tell experimentally if TiO2 is an...Ch. 10 - A common prank on college campuses is to switch...Ch. 10 - A plot of In (Pvap) versus 1/T (K) is linear with...Ch. 10 - Prob. 34QCh. 10 - Identify the most important types of interparticle...Ch. 10 - Prob. 36ECh. 10 - Predict which substance in each of the following...Ch. 10 - Consider the compounds CI2, HCI. F2, NaF, and HF....Ch. 10 - Prob. 39ECh. 10 - Consider the following electrostatic potential...Ch. 10 - In each of the following groups of substances,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 42ECh. 10 - The shape of the meniscus of water in a glass tube...Ch. 10 - Prob. 44ECh. 10 - Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a syrupy liquid with a...Ch. 10 - Carbon diselenide (CSe2) is a liquid at room...Ch. 10 - X rays from a copper X-ray tube ( = 154 pm) were...Ch. 10 - The second-order diffraction (n = 2) for a gold...Ch. 10 - A topaz crystal has an interplanar spacing (d) of...Ch. 10 - X rays of wavelength 2.63 were used to analyze a...Ch. 10 - Calcium has a cubic closest packed structure as a...Ch. 10 - Nickel has a face-centered cubic unit cell. The...Ch. 10 - A certain form of lead has a cubic closest packed...Ch. 10 - Prob. 54ECh. 10 - You are given a small bar of an unknown metal X....Ch. 10 - A metallic solid with atoms in a face-centered...Ch. 10 - Titanium metal has a body-centered cubic unit...Ch. 10 - Barium has a body-centered cubic structure. If the...Ch. 10 - The radius of gold is 144 pm, and the density is...Ch. 10 - The radius of tungsten is 137 pm and the density...Ch. 10 - What fraction of the total volume of a cubic...Ch. 10 - Iron has a density of 7.86 g/cm3 and crystallizes...Ch. 10 - Prob. 63ECh. 10 - Prob. 64ECh. 10 - Selenium is a semiconductor used in photocopying...Ch. 10 - Prob. 66ECh. 10 - Prob. 67ECh. 10 - Prob. 68ECh. 10 - The structures of some common crystalline...Ch. 10 - The unit cell for nickel arsenide is shown below....Ch. 10 - Cobalt fluoride crystallizes in a closest packed...Ch. 10 - The compounds Na2O, CdS, and ZrI4. all can be...Ch. 10 - What is the formula for the compound that...Ch. 10 - Prob. 74ECh. 10 - A certain metal fluoride crystallizes in such a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 76ECh. 10 - The unit cell of MgO is shown below l Does MgO...Ch. 10 - In solid KCl the smallest distance between the...Ch. 10 - The CsCl structure is a simple cubic array of...Ch. 10 - MnO has either the NaCI type structure or the CsCI...Ch. 10 - What type of solid will each of the following...Ch. 10 - What type of solid will each of the following...Ch. 10 - The memory metal, nitinol, is an alloy of nickel...Ch. 10 - Superalloys have been made of nickel and aluminum....Ch. 10 - Perovskite is a mineral containing calcium,...Ch. 10 - A mineral crystallizes in a cubic closest packed...Ch. 10 - Materials containing the elements Y, Ba, Cu, and O...Ch. 10 - The structures of another class of ceramic,...Ch. 10 - Plot the following data and determine Hvap for...Ch. 10 - From the following data for liquid nitric acid,...Ch. 10 - In Breckenridge, Colorado, the typical atmospheric...Ch. 10 - The temperature inside a pressure cooker is 115C....Ch. 10 - Carbon tetrachloride, CCl4, has a vapor pressure...Ch. 10 - Diethyl ether (CH3CH2OCH2CH3) was one of the first...Ch. 10 - A substance, X, has the following properties:...Ch. 10 - Use the heating-cooling curve below to answer the...Ch. 10 - The molar heat of fusion of sodium metal is 2.60...Ch. 10 - Prob. 98ECh. 10 - What quantity of energy does it take to convert...Ch. 10 - Consider a 75.0-g sample of H2O(g) at 125C. What...Ch. 10 - An ice cube tray contains enough water at 22.0C to...Ch. 10 - A 0.250-g chunk of sodium metal is cautiously...Ch. 10 - Prob. 103ECh. 10 - Prob. 104ECh. 10 - Prob. 105ECh. 10 - Prob. 106ECh. 10 - Prob. 107ECh. 10 - Consider the following data for xenon: Triple...Ch. 10 - Some of the physical properties of H2O and D2O are...Ch. 10 - Rationalize the following boiling points:Ch. 10 - Consider the following vapor pressure versus...Ch. 10 - Consider the following enthalpy changes:...Ch. 10 - Prob. 113AECh. 10 - Boron nitride (BN) exists in two forms. The first...Ch. 10 - Prob. 115AECh. 10 - Argon has a cubic closest packed structure as a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 117AECh. 10 - A 20.0-g sample of ice at 10.0C is mixed with...Ch. 10 - In regions with dry climates, evaporative coolers...Ch. 10 - Which of the following compound(s) exhibit only...Ch. 10 - Which of the following statements about...Ch. 10 - Prob. 123CWPCh. 10 - Aluminum has an atomic radius of 143 pm and forms...Ch. 10 - Pyrolusite is a mineral containing manganese ions...Ch. 10 - The structure of the compound K2O is best...Ch. 10 - Prob. 127CWPCh. 10 - Some ice cubes at 0c with a total mass of 403 g...Ch. 10 - The enthalpy of vaporization for acetone is 32.0...Ch. 10 - Prob. 130CWPCh. 10 - When I mole of benzene is vaporized at a constant...Ch. 10 - You and a friend each synthesize a compound with...Ch. 10 - Prob. 133CPCh. 10 - Prob. 134CPCh. 10 - Consider two different organic compounds, each...Ch. 10 - Rationalize the differences in physical properties...Ch. 10 - Prob. 137CPCh. 10 - Some ionic compounds contain a mixture of...Ch. 10 - Some ionic compounds contain a mixture of...Ch. 10 - Spinel is a mineral that contains 37.9% aluminum,...Ch. 10 - Mn crystallizes in the same type of cubic unit...Ch. 10 - You are asked to help set up a historical display...Ch. 10 - Some water is placed in a sealed glass container...Ch. 10 - The molar enthalpy of vaporization of water at 373...Ch. 10 - Prob. 145CPCh. 10 - Rubidium chloride has the sodium chloride...Ch. 10 - Prob. 147IPCh. 10 - A metal burns in air at 600c under high pressure...Ch. 10 - Prob. 149IPCh. 10 - General Zod has sold Lex Luthor what Zod claims to...
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