Theory and Design for Mechanical Measurements
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781118881279
Author: Richard S. Figliola, Donald E. Beasley
Publisher: WILEY
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 10.35P
Fuel oil used in large sea vessels is known as bunker. A typical container ship travels at 24 knots and burns 225 metric tons of bunker per day. In 2014, bunker sold for about $600/ton. Because of the large volumes used, the “tricks of the trade” can often hide fuel volume under measurement error and by manipulating transducers. Fuel is transferred using volumetric metering devices having 2% uncertainty with temperature devices with 1% uncertainty to correct for density. It is proposed to change the metering device to automated coriolis mass flow methods having 0.5% uncertainty, eliminating the temperature devices as well. Estimate the potential savings on a single ocean voyage.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
4. Consider the branched pipe flow shown below used to transport water. Locations 1, 2, and 3 are
equipped with pressure gauges that measure interior pressures.
Inlet
P1
Outlet
P2
P3
Telepon sa
Outlet
Total volumetric flow rate at the inlet (1) is 0.27 m³/s. The diameter at location 1, 2, and 3
are 12.5 cm, 10 cm, and 7.5 cm, respectively. Pressure gauges 1 and 3 read 1.7 atm and 1.36
atm, respectively. Estimate the pressure pz. All three branches are in a horizontal plane.
Neglect friction losses.
A water truck drives slowly around a construction site, spraying water to keep dust down. A pump maintains a
constant pressure of 100 kPa, gage, and the water is dispersed through 20 spray nozzles, each of diameter 1 cm. If the
truck is initially filled with 4000 L of water, and the flow rate is constant, determine how long the truck can drive
before a refill is needed. [57.0 s]
3. Shell T46 industrial lube oil has a viscosity of about 46.5cSt. What is its viscosity in terms
absolute viscosity? Density if the oil is 804kg/m3.
TNO
L-Warning
Oil Condition
Viscosity 40 C
Viscosity @ 100 t
D-445
46.5
45.5
45.0
44.3
<39.87
D-445
CSt
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.8
<6.12
Oxidation
E-2412
Abs
3.8
4.1
3.8
3.7
Nitration
E-2412
Abs
2.6
2.6
0.04
2.6
0.04
2.6
0.11
TAN
ng KONg
0.06
D-974
D-4739 ngKOH
TBN
Chapter 10 Solutions
Theory and Design for Mechanical Measurements
Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.1PCh. 10 - A 20-cm-i.d. pipe through which 10 °C air flows is...Ch. 10 - What is the best estimate of the pipe flow rate...Ch. 10 - A mercury-filled (S = 13.57) manometer is used in...Ch. 10 - A capacitance pressure transducer is used to...Ch. 10 - Estimate the expansion factor in measuring the...Ch. 10 - The Reynolds number of a fluid flowing through a...Ch. 10 - At what flow rate of 20 °C water through a 10-cm-...Ch. 10 - Water (25 °C) flows through a square-edged orifice...Ch. 10 - An orifice plate is installed to meter air flow in...
Ch. 10 - Determine the flow rate of 38 °C air through a...Ch. 10 - A square-edged orifice (p = 0.5) is used to meter...Ch. 10 - Size a suitable orifice plate to meter the steady...Ch. 10 - An in-line flow nozzle is to be used to measure...Ch. 10 - A cast venturi meter is to be used to meter the...Ch. 10 - For 120 ft3/m of 60 °F water flowing through a...Ch. 10 - Estimate the flow rate of water through a...Ch. 10 - A 2-in. (50.8 ram) diameter orifice plate is...Ch. 10 - In order to measure the flow rate ina2mx2mair...Ch. 10 - A flow nozzle is to be used at choked conditions...Ch. 10 - Compute the flow rate of 20 °C air through a 0.5-m...Ch. 10 - An ASME long radius nozzle (P = 0.5) is to be used...Ch. 10 - A square-edged orifice plate is selected to meter...Ch. 10 - Estimate the error contribution to the uncertainty...Ch. 10 - For Problem 10.24, suppose the air flow rate is 17...Ch. 10 - An application uses water flowing at up to...Ch. 10 - Dry air at a static pressure and temperature of...Ch. 10 - Dry air at a stagnation pressure and temperature...Ch. 10 - A sonic nozzle can be used to regulate flow rate...Ch. 10 - Select an appropriate range for a differential...Ch. 10 - From a vendor catalog or online site, select a...Ch. 10 - A vortex flow meter uses a shcdder having a...Ch. 10 - A thermal mass flow meter is used to meter 30 °C...Ch. 10 - Research available thermal mass flow meters...Ch. 10 - Fuel oil used in large sea vessels is known as...Ch. 10 - Estimate an uncertainty in the determined flow...Ch. 10 - A thermal mass flow meter is used to meter air in...Ch. 10 - A vortex meter is to use a shedder having a...Ch. 10 - An engineer has an application of water at 20 °C...Ch. 10 - The flow of air is measured to be 30 m3/min at 50...Ch. 10 - A 6 in. x 4 in. i.d. cast venturi is used to...Ch. 10 - A simple method to measure volume flow rate is to...Ch. 10 - In the problem 10.42, suppose volume can be...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 1. To determine the dynamic viscosity of a liquid you take repeated measurements of the liquid density and kinematic viscosity. These data are summarized in the following table: Avg. measurement Total Uncertainty P 999 kg/m³ ±0.5% V 1.23 mm²/s ±0.01 mm²/s kg Ns What is the dynamic viscosity? Give dynamic viscosity in units of; which is the same as ms 2. Determine the absolute and relative uncertainties in the dynamic viscosity.arrow_forwardWhat should be the surface tension of a liquid if its density, which is 1.44 g/cc, is the same as that of the calibrating liquid? The displacements of the liquid and the calibrating liquid inside the capillary tube are both 0.5 cm. The surface tension of the calibrating liquid is 29.4509 dynes/cm.arrow_forwardThe Reynold's number of a sphere falling in air is 1E6. If the sphere's radius is 1ft, what is its velocity? Density of air is 0.00234 slug/ft³ and viscosity of air is 3.8E-7 lbf-sec/ft²A. 2.5 ft/sB. 5.1 ft/sC. 40.6 ft/sD. 81.2 ft/sarrow_forward
- QUESTION 1 Three pipes A, B, and C are interconnected as shown in figure 1. The pipe dimensions are as follows: D (cm) 15 10 20 Pipeline L (m) 300 0.01 B 240 600 0.01 0.005 A 15 m 25 m B Figure 1 1.1 Find the rate at which water will flow in each pipe, ignoring the shock losses at P and entry to pipelines A and B. 1.2 Find the pressure at P.arrow_forwardCalculate the individual uncertainties associated for measuring this velocity from the provide individual values given by the manufacture. Then determine the design stage instrument uncertainty. Which uncertainty (or which couple of uncertainties) is the most significant contributor? You attempt to determine the validity of a mass balance in your lab by repeatedly placing 100 g calibration weight on it. Fifteen readings were obtained with values of 101.2, 100.1, 99.8, 100.5, 101.1, 100, 100, 99.6, 101.5, 100.8, 100.9, 100.3, 99.8, 100.5, and 100.9 Estimate the bias error and the maximum precision error of the measurementsarrow_forwardYour company is setting up an experiment that involves the measurement of airflow rate in a duct and you have to come up with proper instrumentation. Research the available techniques and devices for air flow rate measurement, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each technique and make a recommendation.arrow_forward
- The graph below shows the pressure and volume for a sample of dry air carried out at two different constant temperatures. Volume (x 10-³ m ³) 2.5 N 1.5 1 0.5 0 50 M 100 150 Pressure (k Pa) 200 250 -T= 300 K -T200 K An isothermal change has to be carried out very slowly. Explain why this is the case. Use data from the graph and the ideal gas equation to calculate the number of moles of gas in the sample.arrow_forwardHANDWRITTEN AND FINAL ANSWER MUST BE IN ENGLISH UNITS. Show solution. An experimental gas turbine engine is under development to increase its mechanical efficiency. It has a turbine efficiency of 95% and compressor efficiency of 85%. The following parameters are provided: P1 = 550 kPa, T1 = 25 deg C, rp = 5.5, T3 = 1450 deg C, Wnet = 5500 kW. Compute for the (a) flow rate and (b) mean effective pressure. Consider Ethane as your working fluid.arrow_forwardWhy does the viscosity of a gas generally decrease with decreasing temperature whereas for a liquid its viscosity generally increases? Calculate and plot using Matlab the variation in the coefficient of dynamic viscosity of air in USC units from 35•F to 120•F. Sutherland's Law can be expressed as T 1.5 To+S То T+Sarrow_forward
- Bottles for room spray are supposed to weigh exactly 16 oz. Inspectors want to develop process control charts. They take o7 boxes of five bottles each and weigh them. They obtain the following data. The mean weights of each of the 07 samples are 14.6,16.5,18.1,13.2,16,15.9, and 14.8 respectively. Likewise, the range values for the each of 07 samples are o.7,0.5, 0.4,0.2,0.4,0.5, and o.9 respectively. Ebr the X-bar charts and R-charts, the Parameters, A2, D3 and D4 are respectively.arrow_forward1. A capillary tube is being used to measure the viscosity of a Newtonian liquid. The tube has a 4-cm diameter and a length of 20 cm. Estimate the viscosity coefficient for the liquid if a pressure of 2.5 kPa is required to maintain a flow rate of 1 kg/s. The liquid density is 998 kg/m3 2. Calculate the viscosity of a fluid that would allow a pressure drop of 35 kPa over a 5 – m length of 3.4 in. stainless steel sanitary pipe if the fluid is flowing at 0.12 m3/hr and has a density of 1010 kg/m3. Assume laminar flow. 3. At 2 cm diameter, 5 cm long capillary-tube viscometer is being used to measure viscosity of 10 – Pa.s liquid food. Determine the pressure required for measurement when a flow rate of 1 kg/min is desired and ρ= 1000 kg/m3.arrow_forward1 The following observations are recorded during a test on a four-stroke petro engine, F.C = 25cc of fuel in 10 sec, speed of the engine is 2600 rpm, B.P = 22 kW, Qair 0.00134 m, piston diameter 90 mm, density of the fuel = 0.85gm/cc , compression ratio = 7.5, CV of fuel = 42000KJ/Kg, room temperature = 24 °C %3D = 140mm, stroke length = %3D %3D %3D 2 A six-cylinder 4-stroke cycle petrol engine is to be designed to develop 250 kW of (b.p) at 2200 rpm the stroke / bore ratio is to be 1.3:1. Assuming nm =80% and an indicated mean effective pressure of 9.5 bar, determine the required bore and stroke. If the compression ratio of the engine is to be 7.5 to 1, determine consumption of petrol in kg/h and in kg/bp.hr. Take the ratio of the indicated thermal efficiency of the engine to that of the constant volume air standard cycle as 0.65 and the calorific value of the petrol as; 44770KJ/kg.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY
Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY
Heat Transfer – Conduction, Convection and Radiation; Author: NG Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Me60Ti0E_rY;License: Standard youtube license