Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 7TYU
Ideally, an experimental group differs from a control group (a) only with respect to the hypothesis being tested (b) because its subjects are more reliable (c) in that it is less subject to bias (d) in that it is less vulnerable to sampling error (e) only with respect to the variable being studied
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a) Does the data support your hypothesis?
b) How could you improve this experiment? Consider the other factors you could have / should have controlled in this experiment.
Design a (hypothetical) experiment that adheres to the Scientific Method. Be sure to include all the necessary requirements at each step and give examples at all of the steps. Start with an observation, whether it's real or made up, state the null hypothesis, and design an experiment (including an experimental and control group, random sampling, sample size, and reproducibility) that will allow the student to reject or fail to reject the hypothesis, and state (hypothetical) 'actual' results and the appropriate conclusion to draw from those results.
A well-designed experiment will contain both positive and negative controls. Which of the following is a false statement?
Choose one from the following:
(A) a positive control experiment is missing some of the components of the experiment and should give a negative result
(B) a positive control experiment contains all of the components of an experiment and should give a positive result
(C) a negative control experiment is missing the element being tested and should give a negative result
(D) if there are multiple components of an experiment, there should be multiple negative controls
(E) if a negative control experiment give positives results, it is likely that the experiment is contaminated
Chapter 1 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 1.1 - Describe five basic themes of biology.Ch. 1.1 - Why are information transmission, energy transfer,...Ch. 1.1 - CONNECT What are some ways in which an organism is...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 1.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 1.2 - Predict What would be the consequences to an...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 1.3 - What are the levels of organization within an...Ch. 1.3 - PREDICT At which level do you think more...Ch. 1.4 - Summarize the importance of information transfer...
Ch. 1.4 - What is the function of DNA?Ch. 1.4 - How does a nervous system transmit information?Ch. 1.5 - Summarize the flow of energy through ecosystems...Ch. 1.5 - Predict What components do you think a forest...Ch. 1.5 - Connect In what ways do consumers depend on...Ch. 1.6 - Demonstrate the binomial system of nomenclature by...Ch. 1.6 - Prob. 7LOCh. 1.6 - Prob. 8LOCh. 1.6 - Prob. 9LOCh. 1.6 - The scientific name for the African rock python is...Ch. 1.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 1.6 - How might you explain the sharp claws and teeth of...Ch. 1.7 - Design a study to test a given hypothesis, using...Ch. 1.7 - Compare the reductionist and systems approaches to...Ch. 1.7 - What are the characteristics of a good hypothesis?Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 2CCh. 1.7 - CONNECT In what ways does systems biology depend...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 1 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 1 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 1 - Fungi are assigned to domain (a) Protista (b)...Ch. 1 - The scientific name for corn is Zea mays. Zea is...Ch. 1 - Darwin suggested that evolution takes place by (a)...Ch. 1 - Ideally, an experimental group differs from a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 1 - VISUALIZE Draw a simple cladogram illustrating the...Ch. 1 - predict What would happen if a homeostatic...Ch. 1 - What are some characteristics of a good...Ch. 1 - PREDICT Make a prediction and devise a suitably...Ch. 1 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 1 - INTERPRET DATA Compare the two graphs in Figure...Ch. 1 - Evolution Link In what ways does evolution depend...Ch. 1 - EVOLUTION LINK How might an understanding of...Ch. 1 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY In the future,...
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- State whether the following statements are true or false. (a). A hypothesis must be testable and fasifiable. (b). Failure to falsify a hypothesis proves that hypothesis. (C) In the context of science, a law is general and can lead to new testable hypotheses.arrow_forwardYou observe that every time your neighbor, who always wears a yellow hat, walks out his front door, he gets dive bombed by a crow. From this observation, what is a testable hypothesis? What is your prediction based on your hypothesis? Please design an experiment to test this hypothesis and prediction. You must identify the independent and dependent variables, as well as at least 2 control variables, and your experiment must contain an experimental group and a control grouparrow_forwardCompute and explain:a) Pearson-rb) Hypothesis testingarrow_forward
- According to this experiment, summarize it and be sure to address the following questions: What hypothesis was being tested? How did you test your hypothesis? What independent and dependent variables were being investigated? What controls did you use? What were possible sources of error in your experiment? Please explain how the experiment you conducted supported or failed to support the original hypothesis.arrow_forwardFormulate three (3) hypotheses.Hypothesis: cause and effect/premise and prediction - ”If..then..” statements Example: “If the glass is tapped, then the fish will swim away” There are four evaluation criteria that a hypothesis must meet. First, it must state an expected relationship between variables. Second, it must be testable and falsifiable; researchers must be able to test whether a hypothesis is true or false. Third, it should be consistent with the existing body of knowledge. Finally, it should be stated as simply and concisely as possible.arrow_forwardPerson 1 Person 2 Person 3 Person 4 Person 5 Person 6 i Y; (0) 3000 2500 3000 1500 4000 5000 Y; (1) 4000 3000 2500 4000 5500 6000 D₁ 1 0 1 0 1 0 (a) Explain the "fundamental problem of causal inference." Using all of the potential outcomes in the table, what is the average treatment effect?arrow_forward
- When scientists use the word “theory,” they mean (a) an educated guess. (b) an overarching explanation of an interrelated set of observations. (c) wild speculation. (d) an experimental prediction. (e) a fact proved by many experiments.arrow_forwardThe _______ is manipulated by scientists over the course of an experiment. A.)dependent • variable B.)data C.)independent variablearrow_forwardHypothesis are testable and falsifiable explanations for one or more observations. What does it mean that a hypothesis is “falsifiable”arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not mentioned by Marder (2011) as a category of experimental research? A. Developing a mathematical model of a biology process B. Measuring a value C. Measuring a relationship between variables D. Using computers for analysis E. Improving and industrial productarrow_forwardWhich are the most conventional type of experiment involves three major pairs of components?arrow_forwardThe purpose of the constant is to: a. allow for adjustment of the control b. eliminate other potential factors/variables in the experiment c. allow for the dependent variable to show the necessary outcome d. help prove the hypothesis correctarrow_forward
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