Concept explainers
Methanol has the molecular formula
Each of four hydrogen atoms contributes ___ valence electron, the carbon atom contributes ___, and the oxygen atom contributes ___, making a total of ___.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Pushing Electrons
- In ionic bonding, the electrons are shared between the atoms. the process of fanning an ionic bond is highly endothermic overall. the bonding that occurs is usually between two nonmetal atoms. a noble gas configuration is fanned far each element or ion. At least two of the above statements are correct.arrow_forwardIndicate the number of electrons lost or gained when each of the following atoms forms an ion. a. 37RB b. 53I c. 8O d. 11Naarrow_forward1.) An element X reacts with hydrogen to form a compound of formula HX. In which group in the periodic table is X most likely to be found? a. 1A b. 2A c. 7A d. 8A 2.) Which of the following compounds has the strongest chemical bond? a. salt b. sugar c. water d. ethanolarrow_forward
- Predict the chemical formulas of the compounds formed bythe following pairs of ions: (a) Fe3+ and O2- , (b) NH4+ and PO43-(c) Ag and N , (d) Ca and Br, (e) Sr and Clarrow_forwardCONSIDER THE MOLECULE XI2CI2. Which of the following statement is/are true? if X is carbon the molecule is polar or non-polar depending on the positions of I and CI. if X is sulfur, the molecule is polar or non-polar depending on the positions of I and CI. if X is xenon the mole is polar or non-polar depending on the positions of I and CI.arrow_forwardZinc is an essential nutrient needed by many enzymes to maintain proper cellular function. Zinc is obtained in many dietary sources, including oysters, beans, nuts, whole grains, and sunfl ower seeds. (a) How many protons and electrons are found in a neutral zinc atom? (b) How many electrons and protons are found in the Zn 2 + cation? (c) Write the electronic confi guration of the element zinc, and suggest which electrons are lost to form the Zn 2 + cation.arrow_forward
- 2cd. High density polyethylene (HDPE) fiber is used as liners for surgical gloves.Although the liner has a very high resistance to being cut, the polymerallows a surgeon to maintain a delicate sense of touch. The HDPE liner isusually rigid and not flexible. How does the molecular-level structure of HDPE and LDPE influencetheir physical properties?How do chemists control the production of LDPE and HDPE?arrow_forward4. Which of the following atoms would be expected to form negative ions in binary ionic compounds and which would be expected to form positive ions: Br, Ca, Na, N, F, Al, Sn, S, Cd? 5. Predict the charge on the monatomic ions formed from the following atoms in binary ionic compounds: a. P b. Mg c. Al d. O e. Cl f. Csarrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structures for each of the following ions or molecules. Give the number of electrons in each species. Remember to enclose e ions in square brackets with the charge as a superscript outside the rightbracket.(a) SO 2 F 2 (S is the central atom) (b) PCl 3 (c) BrOF 3 (Br is the central atom) (d) IF 5 (e) IO 2 -arrow_forward
- Consider the A2X4 molecule depicted here, where A and X are elements. The A – A bond length in this molecule is d1, and the four A – X bond lengths are each d2 (a) In terms od d1 and d2, how could you define the bonding atomic radii of atoms A and X? (b) In terms of d1 and d2, what would you predict for the X-X bond length of an X2 molecule?arrow_forwardHow do Group VIA elements form ions? A) They lose protons B) They gain two protons C) They lose two electrons D) They gain two electrons Which substance consists of anions and cations? A) CaF2, Calcium Fluoride B) Br2, Bromine C) Ag, Silver D) SiO2, Silicon Dioxide A newly discovered element is assigned to Group VIIA (Group 7A) in the periodic table. What charge will ions of this new element have? A) 1- B) 2- C) 1+ D) 2+ Reactions occur when atoms, ions or molecules collide. In a reaction between magnesium and bromine atoms, how many atoms of bromine will react per atom of magnesium? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 Which compound exists as a solid crystal lattice of cations and anions at room temperature? A) BrCl B) CaCl2 C) SCl2 D) SiCl4arrow_forward1. Metals generally gain electrons to become positive ions. True False 2. The formula Ca3(PO4)2 indicates that the compound contains six atoms of oxygen. True False 3. The compound formed between Sn4+ and SO4 2- is Sn2SO4. True False 4. The compound formed between NH4+ and PO43- is (NH4)3PO4. True Falsearrow_forward
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