Which of the following exert their cell signaling ability by directly phosphorylating other proteins? multiple answers    A. RAS   B. Epidermal Growth factor   C. HER2   D. SRC   E. Estrogen Receptor

Q: What would you expect to observe if you engineered a chimeric nuclear receptor superfamily protein…

A: This chimeric nuclear receptor information is important for scientists who are designing new drugs.…

Q: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) signals through a receptor, tyrosine kinase. EGF signaling promotes…

A: An epidermal growth factor is a protein-coding gene which is responsible for controlling the…

Q: Which of the following receptor signaling pathways require that the growth factor/activator…

A: Signaling molecules also known as ligands are produced by signaling cells and the subsequent binding…

Q: Estrogen works by binding to the ER. It includes two types ER alpha and ER beta and the two…

A: Estrogen receptors(ES) are the protein molecules present inside the cell. Their activation takes…

Q: After bonding with their ligand chemo kine receptors form complexes with what to signal initiate…

A: Chemokines are small signaling proteins secreted by cells that are specifically bound by chemokine…

Q: A mutation in HER2 that causes receptor dimerization in the absence of signaling molecules. Would…

A: Answer - B. Increases proliferation HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) is a gene it…

Q: ne epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activates a complex signaling network - increase…

A: The example shown in the question shows the ligand binding and the cascading of effects that is…

Q: Cell signaling systems: A. autocrine      B. paracrine        C. endocrine      D. none among the…

A:

Q: 1.Binding of steroid hormone-receptor complex to DNA ultimately causes: a. Production of 2nd…

A: Answer 1- Binding of steroid hormone-receptor complex to DNA ultimately causes: b. Activation of…

Q: Coat color in mammals is controlled by a hormone receptor called the melanocortin receptor. When…

A: Melanocortin receptors are the members of the family rhodopsin of G- protein coupled receptors of 7…

Q: Which of the following elements may be in the transduction part of cell signaling? Select one: a.…

A: Ans: Signal transduction: The process of transporting signal from cells exterior to the internal is…

Q: What growth factor would be needed in the liver for both type I and type 4 cancers to grow? Tissue…

A: Cancer  It is a condition of an organism where any body cell divide abnormally and very fast which…

Q: If you could design a drug to overcome the affect of the newly evolved Listeria protein to restore…

A: Listeria proteins are secreted by the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes which is Gram-positive…

Q: The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is mediated by which of the following (select all that…

A: EMT or epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a series of events that allows a polarized epithelial…

Q: Transmitter release is dependent on the interaction between v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs. The interaction…

A: Introduction :- In molecular biology , the study of macro and micro molecules structures and their…

Q: The following are components involved in GPCR signaling, except for:

A: Signalling molecules are secreted or expressed on the surface of one cell and bind to receptors…

Q: Which of the following receptors are responsible for anchorage-dependence of normal cells through…

A: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is also known as amorphous ground substances that contain collagen,…

Q: The role of the cytoskeleton in Hedgehog signaling (actin rearrangements, microtubules) a. The…

A: To address the question first, I need to briefly explain about the cilium structure. Each cilium is…

Q: Ras proteins are activated when they a. bind GTP. b. release GTP. c. bind GDP. d. undergo…

A: Cells pass through cell cycle under the influence of external or internal signals. External signals…

Q: Ligand-activated receptors should be ________ before they can bind DNA and activate transcription.…

A: The ligand- receptors are the proteinaceous substances which allows the binding of the ligands to…

Q: Which of these pathways is highly conserved among invertebrates and mammals regarding stem cell…

A: The stem cell niche is an in vivo milieu in which stem cells live and receive cues that influence…

Q: What is the function of Ras during tyrosine kinase cell signaling? a. It activates the opening of…

A: Receptor tyrosine kinase is the second major type of cell surface receptor. The ligands for receptor…

Q: not

A: SIGNALING- A ligand binds to a cell -surface receptors, the receptors intracellular domain changes…

Q: Cell signaling systems: A. autocrine      B. paracrine        C. endocrine      D. none among the…

A: Cell signaling systems is a process of cell-cell communication via receiving the signal, processing…

Q: Paracrine signaling is characterized by ligands that are a. produced by the cell itself. b.…

A: There are generally four different types of chemical signaling present in multicellular organisms:…

Q: How does the signaling cascade initiated by activation of the Gas protein enter the nucleus to…

A: Signal transduction requires a receptor through which a ligand interacts and transmits its…

Q: Which of the following exert their cell signaling ability proteteolysis of other proteins? multiple…

A:

Q: which 2 of the would be considered a second messenger?  a. Akt b. AMPK c. Ca2t d. cAMP e. mTOR

A: Second messengers are molecules that relay signals from the cell surface typically initiated by…

Q: a. Cytoplasmic Receptor   b. Transmembrane Receptor   c. Intracellular Receptor   d. Nuclear…

A: Cell signalling is the process which results in changes in cell metabolism.

Q: Which of the following is NOT considered a secondary messenger? A. diacylglycerol B. inositol…

A: After a signal molecule binds to the cell receptor, a sequence of conformational changes occurs, and…

Q: example of endogenous substances that mediate or transmit noceiptive signaling include. A.…

A: The correct answer is:B. Substance P, CGRP, enkephalinSubstance P, CGRP, and enkephalin are all…

Q: Intracellular receptors bind to signaling molecules that are   A. anionic.   B. cationic.   C.…

A: Introduction:- Receptors are the cellular protein molecules that binds to their specific ligand or…

Q: In the light of the mechanisms of signal transduction pathways, how does the: 1. the SARS-COV2…

A: Answers Sar cov2 infiltrate the cell using it's spike protein present on its surface.this spike…

Q: Match the following description of a cell signal with signa A. signals across gap junctions 3.…

A: Match the following description of cell with signal type 1.  Signal across gap junctions: Direct…

Q: Which of the following is true regarding signaling? d. G proteins activate their target proteins by…

A: G proteins are a family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in…

Q: each step of the signal transduction pathway can be expanded by..

A: Signal transduction pathway: The signal transduction pathway is a mechanism or cascade of reactions…

Q: Define the following terms: a. phosphatidylinositol cycle b. PIP2 c. IP3 d. DAG e. PKC

A: The membrane is known to be composed of a phospholipid, cholesterol, and protein. The membrane…

Q: 14. Paracrine signaling is characterized by ligands that are A. produced by the target cells…

A: Cell needs to interact with their environment and other cells around them. This is called cell…

Q: A ligand binds to the extracellular portion of a receptor. Another ligand binds to an identical half…

A: Answer: Introduction: The attaching of a signaling molecule, or ligand, to its receiving molecule…

Q: ay, an example of a RTK. All of the proteins involved can be in ON/OFF states. Using this cell…

A: NGF of neurotrophic growth factor primarily involves in the growth, survival, proliferation and…

Q: Cell signaling systems: A. autocrine      B. paracrine        C. endocrine      D. none among the…

A:

Q: Which of the following is NOT true of ITAMs?   a. They are attached to the tails of the Ig   b.…

A: Introduction: ITAMs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs) are retained four aminoacid…

Q: You are seeking a new anti-inflammatory drug to inhibit local responses to stress and injury. Which…

A: Option B, D, and E are incorrect because those activities will facilitate inflammation or increase…

Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.