Which of the following would not be the consequence of alternative splicing? Two genes to express the same transcript isoform the same gene to express the isoforms with different 5' untranslated region O The same gene to express isoforms with different coding region
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- The pre-mRNA transcript and protein made by several mutant genes were examined. The results are given below. Determine where in the gene a likely mutation lies: the promoter region, exon, intron, cap on mRNA, or ribosome binding site. a. normal-length transcript, normal-length nonfunctional protein b. normal-length transcript, no protein made c. normal-length transcript, normal-length mRNA, short nonfunctional protein d. normal-length transcript, longer mRNA, shorter nonfunctional protein e. transcript never madeWhich of the following best explains how the expression of a eukaryotic gene encoding a protein will differ if the gene is expressed in a prokaryotic cell instead of in a eukaryotic cell? No transcript will be made, because eukaryotic DNA cannot be transcribed by prokaryotic RNA polymerase. The protein will be made but will not function, because prokaryotes cannot remove introns. The protein will not be made, because prokaryotes lack the ribosomes necessary for translation. The protein will have a different sequence of amino acids, because prokaryotes use a different genetic code.Which of the following mechanisms do prokaryotes use to produce different protein products from a single RNA transcript? O Transcribing three separate genes on a single mRNA Cleaving a polypeptide into three parts creating three distinct products O Utilizing site-specific recombination to generate three different versions of the gene O Utilizing alternative splicing leading to three distinct MRNAS
- Why would it be impossible for DNA splicing to occur utilizing the same mechanism as eukaryotic MRNA splicing? Spliced DNA could not be transcribed or translated DNA does not have a 3'-OH group for the initial nucleophilic attack that forms the lariat O DNA does not encode introns O DNA does not have a 2'-OH group for the initial nucleophilic attack that forms the lariatWhich of the following is likely associated with the mRNA processing step of alternative splicing? 1. A gene is discovered to encode for two different proteins one protein has 46 amino acids and the other protein has 86 amino acid 2. A gene has 7 exons. one processed mRNA transcript from this gene contains exons 3, 4, 6 and 7. a second process mRNA transcript from this gene contains exons 2, 3, 5, and 7 3. The open reading frame of a gene contains 90 nucleotides but the translated polypeptide contains only 29 amino acids 4. Complexity of the transcrptome ( # of different mRNA molecules) increasesExplain how each of the following processes complicates the concept of colinearity. Q. Alternative splicing
- The method of Northern blotting is used to determine the amountand size of a particular RNA transcribed in a given cell type.Alternative splicing (discussed in Chapter 14) produces mRNAsof different lengths from the same gene. The Northern blot shownhere was obtained using a DNA probe that is complementary tothe mRNA encoded by a particular gene. The mRNA in lanes 1through 4 was isolated from different cell types, and equal amountsof total cellular mRNA were added to each lane. Explain these results.The following is a portion of a protein: met-trp-tyr-arg-gly-pro-thr-Various mutant forms of this protein have been recovered. Using the normal and mutant sequences, determine the DNA and mRNA sequences that code for this portion of the protein, and explain each of the mutations. a. met-trp- b. met-cys-ile-val-val-leu-gln- c. met-trp-tyr-arg-ser-pro-thr- d. met-trp-tyr-arg-gly-ala-val-ile-ser-pro-thr-Figure 15.13 Errors in splicing are implicated in cancers and other human diseases. What kinds of mutations might lead to splicing errors? Think of different possible outcomes if splicing errors occur.
- Which of the followings indicate the order of procaryotic mRNA degreadation? cleavage of the triphosphate 5′ terminus to yield a monophosphate- 3′ to 5′exonuclease digestion- The endonucleolytic cleavages occur in a 5′ to 3′ direction on the mRNA following the passage of the last ribosme cleavage of the triphosphate 5′ terminus to yield a monophosphate- The endonucleolytic cleavages occur in a 5′ to 3′ direction on the mRNA following the passage of the last ribosme- 3′ to 5′exonuclease digestion The endonucleolytic cleavages occur in a 5′ to 3′ direction on the mRNA following the passage of the last ribosme- cleavage of the triphosphate 5′ terminus to yield a monophosphate- 3′ to 5′exonuclease digestionSelect all the possible mutation types for the following observed phenotype resulting from a mutation in a coding gene: A protein is made but is shorter with an abnormal shape, and no enzymatic activity. a non conservative missense mutation O an in-frame indel of 1 amino acid Oa frameshift a nonsense mutation Oa mutation in one splice siteBased on the electron micrograph shown, which of the following statements is/are correct/true? Select all that apply. You may select mutiple options. DNA and mRNAs are marked by arrows. DNA mRNAs #3 Left Right 1 μm You cannot determine relative mRNA lengths from this image You cannot determine the direction of transcription from this image the longest mRNA is on the right side ✔Direction of transcription is left to right O Direction of transcription is right to left the 5' end of the mRNA marked #3 is at the bottom O the longest mRNA is on the left side the 5' end of the mRNA marked #3 is at the top You cannot determine the 5' or 3' mRNA ends from this image
