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Description: Questions:-6. In prokaryotes, which DNA polymerase is primarily responsible for filling in the gaps inDNA that are generated during nucleotide excision repair?7. Why can UV induced pyrimidine dimers undergo direct reversal in the light but not inthe

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Questions:- 6. In prokaryotes, which DNA polymerase is primarily responsible for filling in the gaps in DNA that are generated during nucleotide excision repair?

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter14: Dna Structure And Function

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13RQ: Which of the following does the enzyme primase synthesize? DNA primer RNA primer Okazaki fragments...

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to 4 minutes) The schematic diagram below shows organization of the DNA replication fork. Match parts of the diagram (labeled A-F) with the corresponding term from the answer list (designated 31 parental duplex 5' 3' fork progression v A 1Lagging strand 2. An Okazaki tragment 3.Site of action of DNA topoisomerase 4 Leading strand 5. Site of action of DNA helicCase 6.Site of action of DNA ligase
Which of the following is not a true statement comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication? Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA polymerases build off RNA primers made by primase Eukaryotic DNA replication requires multiple replication forks, while prokaryotic replication uses a single origin to rapidly replicate the entire genome DNA replication always occurs in the nucleus Eukaryotic DNA replication involves more polymerases than prokaryotic replication.
The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is. mismatch repair DNA polymerase proofreading nucleotide excision repair thymine dimers
Which of the following phases is characterized by preparation for DNA synthesis? G0 G1 G2 S
b. The diagram below is of a short stretch of prokaryotic chromosomal DNA in the process of replication. Please supply the specific pieces of information requested by the boxes below. 1. What enzyme relaxes the supercoils? 2. What enzyme unwinds the DNA? 7. What does this arrow represent? 3. What enzyme synthesizes the RNA primer 8. Why should this single-stranded portion be stabilized? 4. What is this short segment of DNA called? 9. What enzyme synthesizes this long DNA segment? 5. What enzyme removes the RNA primer and replaces it with DNA? 10. Is this the leading or the lagging side? 6. What enzyme joins the short segments of DNA together? 3
BONUS: Why do RNA viruses such as the COVID coronavirus, influenza virus and HIV have much higher mutation rates than DNA viruses such as Herpes viruses? O DNA polymerases which copy viral RNA have much higher mutation rates than RNA polymerases which copy viral DNA O RNA polymerases which copy viral RNA have much higher mutation rates than DNA polymerases which copy viral DNA RNA viral 60S ribosomes make many ore mutations than DNA viral 40S ribosomes O RNA viral gyrases make more mistakes than DNA viral helicases
B. Answer the following questions briefly. 1. How do we know that complementary base pairs in DNA really exist? 2. Compare and contrast replication, transcription and translation based on template used, direction of synthesis, protein/enzyme requirements during initiation, elongation and termination and products. CRITERIA of Replication Transcription Translation comparison 1. Template used 2. direction of synthesis 3. protein enzyme requirements a. Initiation b. Elongation c. Termination 4. Products 3. How do we know that expression of the information encoded in DNA involves an RNA intermediate?
MCQ QUESTION: In Bacteria, the UV-induced DNA damage will be repaired by ------- where -------- nitrogenous base is targeted. A- Photoreactivation repair/ b- thymine SOS repair/ C-adenine Mismatch repair/ D- cytosine Proofreading/guanine The DNA sequence (5'-ATACAMA-3') was exposed to Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) which is a(n) _______ . The resulting DNA sequence will become __________ after one round of cell division.
Multiple Choice 1. How does frameshift mutations can result from? A. the substitution of a stop codon for an amino acid-specifying codon. B. the substitution of a start codon for an amino acid codon. C. the insertion or deletion of one to three base pairs. D. the substitution of one base pair for another. 2. Which of the following statement is considered false during DNA replication? A. The replication process undergone in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes. B. The replication process goes on 3’ ->5’ end. C. The replication process goes on 5’ ->3’ end. D. The replication process undergone in the nucleus of eukaryotes.
I. What is the correct order of enzyme action during DNA replication? Number the steps from 1 to 7. HINT: Refer to the slide show and video lecture on this topic to help you solve this one: Synthesis of RNA primers (priming) Ligation II. A double-stranded DNA molecule with the sequence shown below can produce a polypeptide that is four amino acids long. Identify which DNA strands are the coding and the transcribed template strands by circling C or T to the left of the table below, respectively. Use an arrow to indicate the direction of transcription. In the table, show the mRNA sequences and amino acids in this peptide. In spaces to the left and right of the table, label all 5' and 3' ends of all relevant nucleic acid strands. READ CAREFULLY: The table gives you the possibility of filling in answers that show transcription from either strand or in either direction. You are only required to fill in the information relevant to ONE PEPTIDE (no others). Refer to the genetic code on the…
Identify the various types of DNA repair mechanisms known to counteract the effects of UV radiation. Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. Reset Help SoS repair is dependent on a photon-activated enzyme that cleaves thymine dimers. excision repair is the process by which an endonuclease clips out UV-induced dimers, DNA photoreactivation repair polymerase III fills in the gap, and DNA ligase rejoins the phosphodiester backbone. recombinational repair uses the corresponding region on the umdamaged parental strand of the same polarity. is a process in E. coli that induces error-prone DNA replication in an effort to fill gaps by inserting random nucleotides.
Detail the differences between base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair. Please help explain in 5 sentences or less, thank you!