
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Which of the following statements is true about cell cycle checkpoints?
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- During cell division cycle, cells need to monitor the process of DNA replication and segregation of replicated DNA so that these processes are error-free. Some potential errors that could occur include incomplete DNA replication, DNA damage in genome, and uneven separation of replicated genome. These mechanisms that cells used to monitor these processes are referred as the "cell cycle checkpoint, which can control specific Cdk activity to regulate the progression of cell cycle. For the following checkpoint mechanisms, indicate which Cdk activity is attenuated? Also indicate one of the key proteins or protein complexes involved in the following checkpoints. a) DNA damage checkpoint during S-phase b) Mitotic checkpoint during M-phasearrow_forwardHello, i understand the question, but i only need to know which option is right, no need for explanation. thanks in advance.arrow_forwardWhat statement about Cdks/Cyclins below is false? A) Cyclins phosphorylate Cdks B) Cdks are kinases C) Cdk expression is constant during the cell cycle D) Cyclin expression fluctuates during the cell cycle E) Cdk activity fluctuates during the cell cyclearrow_forward
- Cyclin B and Cdk1 make up MPF which is important to the regulation and initiation of mitosis. : a) True b) Falsearrow_forwardIn the experiment below, you have treated cells with different cancer drugs, stained them with propidium iodide, and analyzed them by flow cytometry. Which of the following histograms illustrates what you would expect to see in the event that the spindle assembly checkpoint is activated (focus on the solid line, the dotted line is normal cell cycle control)? 1. D 2. C 3. A 4.Barrow_forwardlook at the screenshot pleasearrow_forward
- One approach to studying the regulation of cell cycle progression (particularly in an era when genetic and molecular biology manipulations were less readily accomplished in mammalian cells) was to use treatments that induced cells to fuse and then monitor the behavior of the two nuclei in the resulting cell. The figure below depicts data from one such study. The investigators did preliminary work to produce populations of cells that were synchronized in various stages of the cell cycle (G1, S, or G2 in the examples shown below). They then fused the cells in different combinations and monitored subsequent events in each of the nuclei. For purposes of this question, we will pay particular attention to what occurred in the nucleus that came from the cell in G1. In one experiment (I), cells in the G1 and S phases were fused. That event caused the nucleus from the G1 cell to very quickly enter the S phase (sooner than it would otherwise have done so). In contrast, in a second experiment…arrow_forwardAnswer choices: 1) a cell with two complete sets of chromosomes 2) a chromosome pair, one maternal and one paternal 3) the events that occur from the time a cell forms until the time it divides 4) time of cell growth 5) cell division that maintains chromosome number 6) a reproductive mode by which offspring are produced by one parent only 7) an exact copy of a chromosomearrow_forwardWhich of the following need to be expressed to get past the G1 checkpoint and why? Select one: a. All the answers are correct and needed to progress the cell past the G1 checkpoint by expressing the enzymes necessary for DNA replication. Once these proteins are all expressed, the cell has moved past G1 into S phase. b. Primase because this enzyme is needed for DNA replication moving the cell from G1 to S. c. Cyclins because the accumulation of specific cyclins will turn on CDKs needed to turn on gene expression for proteins involved in DNA replication, moving the cell from G1 to S. d. DNA helicase because this protein is needed for DNA replication (part of S phase). So expression will help progress the cell from G1 to S.arrow_forward
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