Which of the following molecules will generate the largest amount of ATP (or equivalents) if catabolized to CO2 and H2O in cardiac tissue? 3-phosphoglycerate 1,3-BPG Phosphoenolpyruvate Lactate Acetyl-CoA

Red blood cells hijack glucose metabolism to make 2,3 BPG from this glycolosis intermediate? This helps red blood cells promote the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin.

a Lactate dehydrogenase H H3C-C-COO- OH L-(+)-Lactase b Creatine kinase CH3 H₂N This is a(an) NH₂ Creatine + ATP Adenosine triphosphate This is a(an) ADP OOC-C-CH3 Adenosine diphosphate Pyruvate CH3 ON ồ Ò NH2 Y Phosphocreatine

Fluoroacetate is used as a poison for rat control. After entering a cell, fluoroacetate is converted to fluoroacetyl-CoA in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme acetate thiokinase: acetate thiokinase FCH₂COO- + COASH + ATP FCH₂CO-SCOA + AMP PP₁ The toxic effect of fiuoroacetate was studied in an experiment using intact isolated rat heart. After the heart was perfused with 0.22 mM fluoroacetate, the measured rate of glucose uptake and glycolysis decreased, and glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate accumulated. Examination of citric acid cycle intermediates revealed that their concentration were below normal, except for citrate, with a concentration 10-fold higher than normal. (i) Where does the block in the citric acid cycle occur? What causes citrate to accumulate and the other cycle intermediates to be depleted? How might the inhibition be overcome? (ii). Fluoroacetyl-CoA is enzymatically transformed in the citric acid cycle. What is the structure of the end product of…

What two purposes does the conversion of CO2 to HCO3- serve?

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is used to produce ATP. Which of the two phosphates of 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate is transferred to ADP to make ATP. Explain why it is this specific phosphate and not the other one.

Taking into consideration glycolysis, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the citric acid cycle, how many NAD+ molecules are reduced from a single molecule of dihydroxyacetone phosphate?  4 NAD+ are reduced 5 NAD+ are reduced 8 NAD+ are reduced 10 NAD+ are reduced None of the above answers are correct

List the following substances in order of their increasing oxidizing power: (a) acetoacetate, (b) cytochrome b (Fe3+, (c) NAD+, (d) SO42− , and (e) pyruvate.

44 45 46 47 48 50 27 Use the following figure to answer the question. CO2 Охаlоасеtic acid Phosphoenol- pyruvate AMP+ P K NADPH Cell I NADP+ ATP Malic acid Pyruvic acid Pyruvic acid Malic acid RUBP NADP CO2 Cell II NADPH Triose Phospho- glycerate Which of the following statements is true concerning the accompanying figure? O It represents a C4 photosynthetic system. It represents an adaptation that maximizes photorespiration. It represents a CAM photosynthetic system. It represents a C3 photosynthetic system. A Moving to another question will save this response. esc DII D 身 49

Which of the following is an important enzyme involved in the synthesis of cholesterol from isoprene pyrophosphate? thiolase pyruvate decarboxylase pyruvate dehydrogenase HMG-CoA reductase glucose oxidase