Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Which of the following is the second step of Citric Acid Cycle?
Select one:
a.
Isocitrate and then decarboxylated and oxidized to produce alpha-ketoglutarate, Carbon dioxide and NADH
b.
Succinyl-CoA becomes Succinate and forms one ATP molecule and Coenzyme A-SH
c.
alpha-ketoglutarate is oxidized and decarboxylated to produce Succinyl-CoA, Carbon dioxide and NADH
d.
Malate is oxidized to become oxaloacetate forming NADH
e.
Fumarate is combined with water to become Malate
f.
Citrate is rearranged to become Isocitrate
g.
Pyruvate is decarboxylated to become acetyl-CoA producing NADH and Carbon dioxide
h.
Oxaloacetate combines with the acetyl from acetyl-CoA to produce Citric acid(citrate)
i.
Succinate is oxidized to become fumarate forming FADH2
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- Why is it that the carboxylate "ions" actually partake in the citric acid cycle ratherthan the carboxylic acid? Explain using an examplearrow_forwardHow does each of the following regulate citric acid cycle?(a) High levels of Succinyl-CoA(b) High levels of ADP(c) High levels of NADHarrow_forwardThe end product of glycolysis, pyruvate, cannot enter as such into the citric acid cycle. Which process converts this C3 compound to a C2 compound?arrow_forward
- When one acetyl CoA is processed through the citric acid cycle, how many times does each of the following events occur? a. A FAD molecule is a reactant. b. A CoA-SH molecule is produced. c. A dehydrogenase enzyme is needed for the reaction to occur. d. A C5 molecule is produced.arrow_forwardHow many Carbon atoms are fully oxidized during each turn of the citric acid cycle?arrow_forwardGluconeogensis uses nearly all of the same enzymes as those in ____, and is a(an) ______ reaction. Select one: a. Citric Acid Cycle anabolic b. citric acid cycle, catabolic c. glycolysis, anabolic d. glycolysis, catabolic e. none of the abovearrow_forward
- All the enzymes that participate in the citric acid cycle are located in the mitochondrial matrix, except for which enzyme? 1. aconitase 2. succinate dehydrogenase 3. fumarase 4. malate dehydrogenasearrow_forwardHow many cycles of "citric acid cycle" are necessary to reveal the "C" that come from acetyl-CoA that take place in the first cycle known as "CO2"?arrow_forwardWhy is it reasonable for excess NADH to negatively regulate the citric acid cycle?arrow_forward
- Which of the following molecules shown are the reduced products produced in the citric acid cycle whose reduction directly helped drive oxidation? Select all that apply. Ensure you are selecting the product forms of the molecule, which here means the reduced form, and are only considering redox reactions! Do not include the pyruvate processing steps -- just the citric acid cycle itself. A. GDP B. NADH C. FAD D. Acetyl-CoA E. NAD+ F. CoA G. FADH2 H. GTP I. QH2 J. Qarrow_forwardWhich of the following enzymes do not catalyze a reaction in the citrate cycle that produces CO2 as a product? Choose one or more: OA. isocitrate dehydrogenase OB. fumarase L C. succinate dehydrogenase O D. succinyl-CoA synthetasearrow_forwardWrite the equation for net citric acid cycle and calculate one cycle equivalent to how many ATP?arrow_forward
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