What is the difference, at the molecular level, among the A, B, and O antigens? A - N-acetylgalactosamine is terminal sugar B - Galactose is terminal sugar O - No terminal sugar

Q: Would you predict that TLR-XX is able to recognize other types of Gram-negative bacteria, in…

A: TLRs are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that play an important role in the recognition of…

Q: Some Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) recognize nucleic acids, like RNA or DNA. Since our own…

A: The immune system is an important organ system in the body that plays a role in defense against…

Q: Some species, like camels, alpacas, and llamas, have evolved variant forms of immunoglobulin…

A: Antigens activate your immune response, causing it to unleash an antibody response. Antibodies…

Q: Some pathogenic microorganisms encode proteins, such as the Staphylococcus Protein A, that bind to…

A: Microorganisms are those small organisms that are invisible to the normal naked eye and can be seen…

Q: Why do you think antibodies against the N-terminal domain (NTD) provide protection against SARS-CoV2…

A: During infection, SARS CoV-2's spike glycoprotein binds with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)…

Q: What is the effect of the changes in the structure of the immunoglobulin G and its function of…

A: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are large globular proteins with a molecular weight of about 150…

Q: Is it possible for a B cell heavy chain to have non-templated nucleotides (N) but no p nucleotides…

A: B cells Immunity is the ability to fight disease ad this is done by the generation of immune…

Q: In (b), why would it be more efficient to use labeled anti-human IgG rather than label the patient’s…

A: In direct method of antigen detection, the primary antibody is directly attached to a label. It…

Q: The zymogen is activated by the breaking of a single peptide link.

A: The statement is partially correct. The zymogen is activated by breaking of a single or more…

Q: Each immunoglobulin (Ig) domain is composed of a structure known as a ‘b-sandwich,’ which consists…

A: The five fundamental classes of immunoglobulins occur IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE. These are…

Q: Like many proteins that do their jobs outside of cells, immunoglobulin G is a glycoprotein. The…

A: Protein glycosylation is the process of adding a carbohydrate moiety to a protein molecule. It's a…

Q: What are three roles played by the Fc domain of an antibody?

A: Antibodies are immune system-related proteins called immunoglobulins. Each antibody consists of four…

Q: There are two classes of MHC molecules with distinct subunit compositions but similar…

A: Major histocompatibility complex is a set of protein coding genes . These genes are found on the…

Q: The current view in the field of immunology is that dendritic cells are the primary…

A: Dendritic cells, so named because of their probing, 'tree-like' or dendritic forms, are important…

Q: Which of the following complementarity determining regions (CDRS) of antibodies is sequentially and…

A: The immune system of the body governs the body’s ability to fight against the destructive actions of…

Q: Antibodies:  IMMUNOLOGY basic  have two identical antigen-binding sites.  consist of two identical…

A: The multiple choice questions are worked and answers are given below

Q: Cytokine associated with development of autism is- IFN-gamma O TNF-alpha O IL-6 O IL=1 beta

A: Cytokine These are small proteins that are involved in cell signalling. These are the components…

Q: COVID-19 MRNA vaccines have the potential to stimulate the following types of immune attack against…

A: CoViD-19 vaccines based on mRNA technology go inside the host cells, get the spike protein of the…

Q: How are antibodies unique? Please discuss the structure of an antibody. What are the V and C…

A: The antibodies are unique their mechanism of action in response to an antigen. Antibodies are…

Q: Which of the following is specific to the immediate events of innate immune system inflammation?…

A: Innate immunity is the immune response that  consist of all defence elements with which an…

Q: Several classes of LDLreceptor mutations have been identified as causes of this disease. Suppose…

A: Any alternation in the sequence of nucleotide in the genome of any organism is known as mutation.…

Q: When an antibody binds to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, it may block access of the spike protein…

A: Our immune system is  strong enough to fight with the viruses as well as bacteria. Their Prime…

Q: Generally, polysaccha are not good antigenS, because B cells recognize thei annot get T-cell help.…

A: INTRODUCTION The immune system consists of cells that protect organisms from foreign invaders. This…

Q: Tuberculosis is a chronic respiratory condition caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a high…

A: Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Q: TCRs versus antibodies, the overall domain organization of the TCR is not the same as for an…

A: Antibodies bind to a different types of antigenic shapes while TCRs only recognise  antigenic…

Q: The secondary antibody used in the laboratory for western blotting is conjugated to which enzyme?…

A: Secondary antibody is complementary to the primary antibody that is specific for a particular…

Q: Based on these data, which of the following proteins (biotin, hygromycin, and streptavidin) can rule…

A:

Q: Write T if the statement is correct; write F if the statement is not correct. P and E selectins are…

A:

Q: Why is the response to T-independent antigens important medically?

A: Importance of T independent antigen medically -- T cells  -- These are type of lymphocyte ,White…

Q: For immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes, and for T-cell receptor b chain genes, there are a…

A: The T-cell receptors are present on the surface of the T-cells also known as T-lymphocytes. They…

Q: When people get vaccinated for the COVID-19, which of the following will occur to them in response…

A: Vaccination is the process of administering the vaccine which is a weakened or killed strain of the…

Q: For the diagram below, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT: Antigen- binding site V V…

A: Immunoglobulins (or antibodies) are produced by the immune system to fight pathogens like bacteria…

Q: how can allergen(a) responsible be identified

A: Here we have to discuss that how responsible allergen will be identified?

Q: a b

A: To determine: To determine the two V domains that have the amino acid sequences most important for…

Q: Three major cell types, dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells, present peptides bound to MHC…

A: In the human body, the resistance against the entry of any foreign particle or antigens is executed…

Q: Entanercept is a pharmaceutical that is composed of a recombinant receptor for human tumor necrosis…

A: Etanercept is a type of drug known as biological therapy. In rheumatoid arthritis and some other…

Q: Which domain of antibody defines its type and which domain is for specificity against antigen. Also…

A: Antibody is also known as immunoglobulin is a Y-shaped protein. They helps in providing immunity to…

Q: There is only one correct answer.

A: While: Milk proteins inhibit TRPV1 receptors: This is incorrect because the primary reason milk…

Q: Name the two types of antibody light chains.

A: Antibodies are Y-shaped specialized proteins that attach like a lock-and-key to a foreign pathogen.…

Q: If antibody responses are not elicited by a Covid-19 vaccine, are there other types of immune…

A: SARS-CoV-2 is a virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic that first emerged in Wuhan, China in…

Q: Why would attaching an enediyne- containing molecule to an antibody be an attractive way to treat…

A: Enediynes are organic compounds that contain antitumor antibiotics. It contains two triple bonds and…