What genetic phenomenon does the production of a blue F1 from pink and white parents represent?

In the fruit fly, dumpy wings (d) and purple eyes (p) are encoded by mutant alleles that are recessive to those that produce wild type traits; long wings (d+) and red eyes (p+). These two genes are on the same chromosome. In a particular lab, two researchers Walt and Jesse crossed a fly homozygous for dumpy wings and purple eyes with a fly homozygous for the wild type traits. The F1 progeny, which had long wings and red eyes, was then crossed with flies that had dumpy wings and purple eyes. Unfortunately, the progeny of this cross somehow escaped. To prevent their other projects from contamination, they decided to spend an exceptionally boring hour in the lab catching and counting the progeny and found the following:   long wings, red eyes – 482 dumpy wings, purple eyes – 473 long wings, purple eyes – 23 dumpy wings, red eyes - 22   What is the genetic distance between these two loci? a. 4.5 cM b. 55 cM c. 45 cM d. 49.5 cM  e. 4.7 cM

In the rare rainbow rose, it has been shown that flower color is controlled by 2 genes. No one knows how the 2 genes are related and several hypotheses have emerged to explain how they interact to produce flowers with purple, yellow, and green pedals. You cross purple and green flowering plants, and find that F1 are all yellow colored. You allow F1 to self-fertilize and this produces 222 purple, 222 yellow and 222 green flowers. The 2 most popular theories are: a co-dominance relationship or an epistatic relationship between the 2 genes. Your team deduces that if co-dominance should result in 216 purple, 220 yellow and 230 green. Where as, an epistatic relationship should result in 250 purple, 200 yellow, and 216 green.   1-Which hypothesis is correct? a- Co-dominace  b- Epistatic  and The odds the theory  you selected is correct  is (less or greater) than (10%,25%,50%,90%)

A genetic cross was made between two types of pea plants.  One type produces round and green seeds, while the other type produces wrinkled and yellow seeds.  A plant breeder crossed these two types and then allowed the F1 generation to self-fertilize.  The following data were obtained:               F1 generation: all produce wrinkled and yellow seeds.             F2 generation: 157 produce wrinkled and yellow seeds                                       57 produce wrinkled and green seeds                                       54 produce round and yellow seeds                                       20  produce round and green seeds a) Propose a hypothesis that you think is consistent with the observed data. b) Test the goodness of fit between the data and your hypothesis using a chi square test. c) Explain what your calculated chi square results mean.