The first base in the tRNA anticodon loop is also wobbling, that is one tRNA is able to pair with several codons of mRNA. If the firs base of the anticodon is U, its complement in the codon is: a.A or C b.A or G c.C or G d.A or U
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1. The first base in the tRNA anticodon loop is also wobbling, that is one tRNA is able to pair with several codons of mRNA. If the firs base of the anticodon is U, its complement in the codon is:
a.A or C
a.one-sixteenth
a.three-fourth
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Solved in 2 steps
- 1. A monogenic disease is a disease caused by a mutation in a single gene. For instance, sickle-cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the HBB gene, which codes for the B- globin chain of hemoglobin. The beginning of HBB is shown here: 5'-ATGGTGCACCTGACTCCTGAGGAGAAGTCTGCCGTTACT...-3' A. Translate this HBB sequence into an amino acid sequence. B. In terms of amino acids, what is the result of the sickle cell mutation, wherein the bolded red A is changed to a T? This single mutation causes hemoglobin to aggregate, causing red blood cells to deform into a sickle-like shape rather than the normal “biconcave disk" shape. C. What would happen if the bolded blue A were mutated to at T? (This is hypothetical; it's not a mutation found in sickle-cell disease.)The expression of a gene may depend on _______. a. the type of organism b. environmental conditions c. the type of cell d. all of the above1. Which type of mutation results in no change in amino acid sequence for the protein? a Silent b Missense c Nonsense d Frameshift
- Which of the following rows identifies the mutated DNA sequence, complementary mRNA sequence, and resulting amino acid in a person with metabolic syndrome? Complementary mRNA Resulting Amino Acid Row A B D. OC. C D. D C Select one: OA A OB B Mutated DNA ATG ATG ACT ACT Metabolic syndrome is a genetic disorder with symptoms such as hypertension, elevated blood cholesterol, and low blood magnesium concentrations. This syndrome is caused by a mutation in which a cytosine nucleotide in the codon ACG is replaced by a thymine nucleotide. Use the following to answer the next AUG UAC ACU UGA Methionine Tyrosine Threonine Stop1.Which of the following events best predicts the consequence if there is NO post-translational modification? a. Protein becomes functional b. Protein will be biochemically active c. Protein will be targeted to the organelle it is destined d. Protein will not be properly folded If one man in 2,500 is hemophilic, the frequency of the allele h for hemophilia in the population is a.1/62500 b.c.1/25 c.1/2500 d.1/50 3. For a population to remain in equilibrium, all the following conditions must be satisfied EXCEPT a.There must be no migration of alleles into the population or out of the population. b.The population must be large (theoretically infinite). c. Certain genotypes are allowed to mate more with other specific genotypes. d. All genotypes can reproduce equally.1. Pro A wild-type strain of bacteria produces a protein with the amino acid proline (Pro) at one site. Treatment with nitrous acid causes a C to change to a U. Two different mutants are produced after nitrous acid treatment of the bacteria. One has a serine (Ser) in place of the proline, an the other has a leucine (Leu). Further treatment of the two mutants with nitrous acid produces new mutant strains, both with phenylalanine (Phe) at the site. Treatment of the phenylalanine carrying mutants produces no change. U Ser Leu Phe →Phe U с A บบบ UUC UUA LOU UUG CUU CUC CUA CUG- Phe GUU GUC G GUA GUG Leu AUU AUC lle AUA AUG-Met Val с UCU UCC UCA UCG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU ACC ACA ACG GCU GCC GCA GCG Ser Pro Thr Ala A UAU Tyr Cys UAC UAA Stop UGA-Stop UAG UGG-Trp CAU His CAC CGU CGC CAA Gin CGA CAG CGG AAU Asn AAC AAA AAG Lys UGU UGC GAU GAC GAA GAG Asp Glu AGU AGC AGA AGG GGU GGC GGA GGG G b. Explain why further treatment of the phenylalanine mutants with nitrous acid produces no change. Arg…
- A small section of a gene for a protein has the following nucleotide sequence: TAT AGG GAC CTA TGT Which of the following mutations would cause a missense mutation in the sequence shown above? a. Replacement of first cytosine base with guanine base b. Replacement of final thymine base with guanine base c. Replacement of second guanine base with cytosine base d. Replacement of first thymine base with adenine base3. Below is part of the DNA genetic code for six amino acids. CGG GCG Codes for alanine Codes for arginine Codes for glycine Codes for lysine AAA Codes for phenylalanine Codes for valine TTT CCA САА The diagram below shows part of a mRNA molecule and the corresponding part of the protein formed. arginine – glycine – lysine – valine – alanine Identify which codon contains a single transcription error. A. The first codon. B. The second codon. C. The third codon. D. The forth codon. E. The fifth codon.1. Classify the type of mutation that have taken place: silent, missense and nonsense as a result of a single base substitution from UCG codon which codes for cysteine:a) AGC (ser): ________b) UGU (cys): ________c) GGC (gly): _______d) UGA (stop): _______e) UUC (phen): _______2. A single base addition and a single base deletion approximately 15 bases apart in the mRNA specifying the protein lysozyme from the bacterial virus T4 caused a change in the protein fromits wil-type composition….lys-ser-pro-ser-leu-asn-ala-ala-lys…..to the mutant form lys-val-his-his-leu-met-ala-alalys.a. Decipher the segment of mRNA for both the original protein and the double mutant.b. Which base was added? Which was deleted?3. Given is the 30 nucleotides in the human gene for hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in the red blood cells): 5’ TAC-CAC-GTG-GAC-TGA-GGA-CTC-CTC-TTC-AGA 3’a. What is the complementary strand?b. Deduce the mRNA in this coding region.c. What is the amino acid sequence based on this…
- 1. If a mutation occurs in a coding region a. it will cause a change or changes in the normal (wild type) amino acid sequence. b. the protein may not form correctly and as a result does not perform the intended function. c. the type of mutation can be a missense mutation if there is some or limited protein function. d. the type of mutation can be a nonsense mutation if there is no protein function. e. all of the above 2. If a mutation occurs in a non-coding region: a. it will cause no change in the normal (wild type) amino acid sequence. b. the protein is unaffected and still functions correctly. c. the type of mutation is called a silent mutation. d. the protein may not form correctly and as a result does not perform the intended function. e. all of the above1. Given is the 30 nucleotides in the human gene for hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in the red blood cells): 3’ TAC-CAC-GTG-GAC-TGA-GGA-CTC-CTC-TTC-AGA 5’ a. What is the amino acid sequence based on this mRNA? b. A very important mutation in human hemoglobin occurs in this DNA sequence, where the T at nucleotide 20 is replace with an A. The mutant hemoglobin is called sickle cell hemoglobin and is associated with severe anemia. What is the amino acid replacement that results in sickle-cell hemoglobin?A small section of a gene for a protein has the following nucleotide sequence:CTG GGA TCC TAA GGTWhich of the following mutations would cause a nonsense mutation in the sequence shown above? Select one: a. Replacement of second adenine base with a cytosine base b. Insertion of guanine base after the first thymine base c. Insertion of guanine base after the first adenine base d. Replacement of second cytosine base with a adenine base