Question 4 (i) Why does a liquid crystalline fluid appear cloudy, but when heated sufficiently appears transparent? [20%] (ii) When a supersaturated solution of aluminium and copper is aged, metastable pre- cipitates such as e' or " form first, rather than the equilibrium Al₂Cu. Explain why this happens. Why is the solubility of copper in aluminium larger when in equilibrium with a metastable precipitate? [40%] (iii) Derive an equation that relates solidification velocity v to the activation barrier Q for the transfer of atoms from liquid to solid and the magnitude of the driving force for solidification, |AGI. G liquid AG solid Reaction coordinate 140021
Question 4 (i) Why does a liquid crystalline fluid appear cloudy, but when heated sufficiently appears transparent? [20%] (ii) When a supersaturated solution of aluminium and copper is aged, metastable pre- cipitates such as e' or " form first, rather than the equilibrium Al₂Cu. Explain why this happens. Why is the solubility of copper in aluminium larger when in equilibrium with a metastable precipitate? [40%] (iii) Derive an equation that relates solidification velocity v to the activation barrier Q for the transfer of atoms from liquid to solid and the magnitude of the driving force for solidification, |AGI. G liquid AG solid Reaction coordinate 140021
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
Related questions
Question
100%
![Question 4
(i) Why does a liquid crystalline fluid appear cloudy, but when heated sufficiently
appears transparent?
[20%]
(ii) When a supersaturated solution of aluminium and copper is aged, metastable pre-
cipitates such as e' or " form first, rather than the equilibrium Al₂Cu. Explain
why this happens. Why is the solubility of copper in aluminium larger when in
equilibrium with a metastable precipitate?
[40%]
(iii) Derive an equation that relates solidification velocity v to the activation barrier Q
for the transfer of atoms from liquid to solid and the magnitude of the driving force
for solidification, |AGI.
G
liquid
AG
solid
Reaction coordinate
140021](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff1fb4ec7-fc08-4fcb-86d2-b068adfaa7c9%2F19ff8bad-bc4c-4624-9012-0f8ff85d1b93%2Fznntk4j_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Question 4
(i) Why does a liquid crystalline fluid appear cloudy, but when heated sufficiently
appears transparent?
[20%]
(ii) When a supersaturated solution of aluminium and copper is aged, metastable pre-
cipitates such as e' or " form first, rather than the equilibrium Al₂Cu. Explain
why this happens. Why is the solubility of copper in aluminium larger when in
equilibrium with a metastable precipitate?
[40%]
(iii) Derive an equation that relates solidification velocity v to the activation barrier Q
for the transfer of atoms from liquid to solid and the magnitude of the driving force
for solidification, |AGI.
G
liquid
AG
solid
Reaction coordinate
140021
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