Muscle contraction is not the only process controlled in temperature-regulating reflexes. True or false?
Q: Explain the requirements for Ca^ 2+ and ATP in muscle contraction and relaxation.
A: A muscle contraction is defined as an increase in the tension or a decrease in the length of a…
Q: Treppe increases skeletal muscle contraction strength by:
A:
Q: In what ways does the neural control of smooth muscle activitydiffer from that of skeletal muscle?
A: Muscles are contractile tissues grouped and coordinated in function. Three groups of muscles present…
Q: During a single muscle twitch, the sarcomeres within a muscle contract maximally. How can you…
A: A contraction of muscle fibers generate when an action potential pass down the motor neurons. A…
Q: How can I describe skeletal muscle contraction using the words "upper motor neuron" and "lower motor…
A: Skeletal muscles represent one of the three types of muscles including smooth muscle and cardiac…
Q: .The poison ouabain (wah-BAY-in), or arrow poison, blocks the Na+ K+pump. What effect would this…
A: Ouabain is also called the g-strophanthin. It is a toxic substance derived from a plant that was…
Q: The single-fiber twitch experiments shown here were generated by stimulating the muscle cell…
A: When a muscle is triggered by a single vibration, an action potential is generated that causes the…
Q: Describe the events that result in the relaxation of skeletal musclefibers?
A: A smooth, sustained contraction from the rapid stimulation of skeletal muscle fibers is called…
Q: true or false. smooth and cardiac muscle are innervated by autonomic nervous system, whereas…
A: A muscle is a group of tissues, which contract together to produce a force. It is composed of…
Q: How do calcium ionsparticipate in musclecontraction? Why do bothmuscle contraction andmuscle…
A: Muscle contraction is the process of activating tension generating sites in the muscle fibers.…
Q: What happens after action potentials are spread across the muscle cell into the T tubules?
A: Answer- The action potential is responsible for the muscle contraction in the body.
Q: myofibrils or sarcomeres present in smooth muscle fibers?
A: Myofibrils are the long filaments which are arranged parallel to each other to form muscle fibers.…
Q: Explain the specific role of acetylcholine (ACh) instimulating a muscle fiber to contract.
A: Acetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter that is secreted by the nerve terminals into the synapse.…
Q: Explain how the process of skeletal muscle excitation–contraction coupling demonstrates the general…
A: Muscle tissue is a well-vascularized soft tissue present in the muscles of an animal body. Muscle…
Q: Why does muscle strength decrease with aging?
A: The muscular framework is an organ framework comprising of skeletal, smooth and cardiovascular…
Q: Define responsiveness, conductivity, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity. State why each of…
A: The structural components of a muscle fiber are responsiveness, conductivity, contractility,…
Q: What are the Regulatory Molecules that mediate exercise-induced changes in muscle?
A: Muscle is soft tissue and consists of protein filaments of myosin and actin. These filaments slide…
Q: If a single twitch of a skeletal muscle fiber lasts 40 msec, what action potential stimulation…
A: In human physiology, skeletal muscle is defined as the vital organ of muscular system which is also…
Q: What evidence supports a sliding filament-cross-bridge mechanism of contraction in smooth muscle?,…
A: The evidance for sliding filament cross bridge mechanism is inferential and derived from…
Q: List the four primary signal transduction pathways in skeletal muscle.
A: Signal transduction is defined as the ability of a cell to change behaviour in response to a…
Q: What are Regulatory Molecules That Mediate ExerciseInduced Changes in Muscle?
A: Muscle is soft tissue and consists of protein filaments of myosin and actin. These filaments slide…
Q: Why is the innervation of single-unit smooth muscle often restricted to only a few cells in the…
A: Smooth muscle (also known as visceral muscle because of where it is found) is one of the three major…
Q: In the process called "excitation-contraction coupling" (the events that lead up to a muscle cell's…
A: When an organism is dead, there occurs stiffening of muscles. This is termed as Rigor mortis. This…
Q: Describe the physical state of muscle fiber in rigor mortis and the conditions that produce this…
A: According to the question, we have to mention the physical state of muscle fiber in rigor mortis and…
Q: What would happen if the refractory period of a skeletal muscle fiber were abnormally prolonged well…
A: Refractory periods are period of time taken for an excitable membrane following an action potential…
Q: Draw the entire pathway for skeletal muscle action from the spinal cord until the end of the…
A: Both neurons and skeletal muscle cells are electrically excitable, indicating that they are able to…
Q: Why is an interneuron needed to provide reciprocal inhibition of the flexor muscle when an extensor…
A: Stretch reflex is a monosynaptic reflex with two neurons and one synapse.
Q: This is a feature of slow-twitch (type I/red) fibers: low in myoglobin fast response low in glycogen…
A: Slow-twitch muscle fibers are fatigue resistant, and focused on sustained, smaller movement and…
Q: Compare the (i) contraction, (ii) excitation-contraction coupling in smooth muscle, cardiac and…
A: Introduction The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac…
Q: and voltage-gated channels found?
A: Muscle cells, are mostly known as myocytes, they are the cells that make up the muscle tissue.
Q: Why would a sprinter experience muscle fatigue before a marathon runner would?
A: Muscles are required in breathing, talking, running, walking, and anybody movement. Actin and…
Q: why does a rapid series of muscle twitches yield a stronger overall contraction than a single…
A: Muscle contraction that results from a single action potential is called a twitch. When there is a…
Q: Very shortly describe how our muscles may relax after they contraction
A: When a muscle fiber is excited, Ca2+ is rapidly released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum inducing…
Q: Without acetylcholine esterase (AChe) will the action of skeletal muscle increase, decrease or not…
A: Acetylcholine esterase is an enzyme ;which play very important role in our body by catalyzing the…
Q: A muscle gets longer during this type of contraction Concentric Contraction Cool Down Cycle…
A: Muscle It is a bundle of fibrous tissue in human that has an ability to contract, producing…
Q: Why does Neostigmine cause an increase in the twitch tension when the nerve is stimulated and not…
A: Because neostigmine acts on nerve terminal increasing acetylcholine concentration by inhibiting…
Q: Describe the ion dynamics of the muscle-contraction process.
A: Tension-generating regions within muscle cells are activated during muscular contraction. Muscular…
Q: Explain the sequence of steps in smooth muscle contraction.
A: The muscular system of the human is made up of muscle which is a soft tissue that is found all over…
Q: How does an event (action potential) on the outside of a muscle fiber trigger the contractile…
A: The contraction of muscle take place upon the generation of signal in nervous system. This signal is…
Q: Excitation-contraction coupling is the sequence of events that links the action potential to changes…
A: Skeletal muscles are attached to the bones by tendons, which produce all the movements of body…
Q: Describe the effects of histamine and NO on smooth muscle activity.
A: Histamine is released in various tissues and maintains immune response, regulates physiological…
Q: Muscle response to a change in frequency or strength in muscular contractions?
A: The force generated by the contraction of the muscle is known as muscle tension.
Q: Describe the chain reaction of muscle relaxation
A: Muscles are the tissues that show contraction, relaxation and stretching activities and allow…
Q: In sustained, moderate exercise, skeletal muscle is predominantly using ______________ as its energy…
A: Introduction Locomotion is the key to animals as they are motile and can move from one place to…
Q: List and describe the structures associated with energy production within skeletal muscle fibers.
A: Respiration is biochemical process that is aimed at deriving energy from food. This can occur with…
Q: e What would happen if the refractory period of a skeletal muscle fiber were abnormally prolonged…
A: Introduction Refractoriness is the ability of any object of autowave nature (particularly excitable…
Q: Describe the events of muscle cell contraction
A: The muscle cell contraction is an energy-dependent process. It requires calcium, ATP, and ATPase…
Muscle contraction is not the only process controlled in temperature-regulating reflexes. True or false?
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- Put these events that occur in skeletal muscle in the correct chronological sequence: 1. Activation of voltage-gated dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor in the T-tubule 2. Opening of mechanically-gated ryanodine receptors (RyR) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum 3. Na+ influx through ligand-gated ion channels on the motor end plate 4. Ca2+ binding to troponin 2, 1, 4, 3 4, 3, 2, 1 4, 3, 1, 2 3, 1, 4, 2 3, 1, 2, 4Both the withdrawal reflex and the Golgi tendon reflex involve sensory signals that ultimately control the same type ofmotor neurons and both are protective. Explain how one reflex can cause muscle contraction while the other causes musclerelaxation.Which of the following step(s) about the excitation of skeletal muscle is/are incorrect? 1. Acetylcholine is released and binds to motor end plate receptors 2. An action potential is created and moves down T-tubules 3. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum 4. Calcium ions bind to tropomyosin to shift troponin off the binding sites for cross-bridging 5. Myosin forms cross-bridges and binds with actin to pull it towards middle of sarcomere
- Identify the ways that increased IP3 can cause contraction. Identify the ways that increased cAMP production can cause relaxation.are these True or False? Receptors on the post-synaptic cell membrane that bind the acetylcholine are voltage-gated channels (channels that open in response to a change in the electrical charge of the membrane). When a muscle cell is not contracting its cell membrane is negative on the inner surface. The effect of a neurotransmitter on the muscle cell membrane is to modify its ion permeability properties temporarily.Put these events that occur in skeletal muscle in the correct chronological sequence: 1. Opening of mechanically-gated ryanodine receptors (RyR) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum 2. Ca²+ binding to troponin to initiate contraction 3. Activation of voltage-gated dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor in the T-tubule 4. Na+ influx through ligand-gated ion channels on the motor end plate 4, 3, 2, 1 2, 1, 4, 3 3, 1, 2, 4 4, 3, 1, 2 3, 1, 4, 2
- Which of the following statements is true about the control of muscle glycogen phosphorylase? a) It is activated by phosphorylation by an active phosphorylase kinase b) It is allosterically activated by ATP c) It is allosterically activated by CAMP d) Normally it exists in active formIn light of the “all or none” law of muscle contraction, how can you explain twitch recruitment (also called the graded response) when stimulating the muscle versus stimulating the nerve? Explain the difference in stimulation voltage required to elicit a maximum response when stimulating the nerve versus the muscle directly?Hello, may I please get help with this physiology question? An explanation leading to the correct answer would be helpful! Scenario: Your friend Arnold S, who sometimes goes by "Dutch", has started lifting weights because he wants his muscles to get bigger. He's done a little bit of research, and he tells you that weight lifting is increasing the size of myofibrils. Arnie is getting huge, and so you are hesitant to correct him, but you know that what he's saying isn't quite right. The more likely explanation for Arnold's muscles getting bigger is...
- Discuss the similarities and differences by which Ca2+ activity is involved in initiating muscle contraction in skeletal versus smooth muscle fibers (hint: include Ca2+ sources, proteins it binds to, and signaling cascade it activates leading to contraction). (please explain in sentences, max 12 sentences)Most immediate physiological adjustments to exercise occur prior to any change in tissue metabolic demand for oxygen or nutrients. This occurs because exercise increases sympathetic nervous system activity. With your knowledge of exercise and the control of alpha motor neurons by the primary motor cortex of the brain, how does increased exercise influence the sympathetic nervous system?From the following choices, choose the THREE, that would result in prevention of muscle contraction (in other words, which three descriptive changes below would result in flaccid paralysis of a muscle). exocytosis of acetylcholine is constant, even without action potential injection of botulinum toxin calcium cannot be pumped back into the terminal cisternae acetylcholine receptor remains open to sodium active sites on actin a permanently exposed dramatically increase the activity of acetylcholinesterase calcium cannot bind troponin