Mechanism of ATP Synthase ATP Synthase

Do you think that the Ea for ATP hydrolysis is relatively low or high? Explain your reasoning.

Understanding Enzyme Mechanisms Related to Pyruvate Carboxylase Based on the mechanism for pyruvate carboxylase (Figure 22.3), write reasonable mechanisms for the reactions that follow:

A sprinter would experience muscle fatigue sooner than a marathon runner due to ________. anaerobic metabolism in the muscles of the splinter anaerobic metabolism in the muscles of the marathon runner aerobic metabolism in die muscles of the sprinter glycolysis in the muscles of the marathon runner

How does citrate from the citric acid cycle affect glycolysis?

Energetic of Fructose-1 ,6-bis P Hydrolysis (Integrates with Chapter 3.) The standard free energy change (G) for hydrolysis of fructose-1. 6-bisphosphate (FBP) to fructose-S-phosphate (F-6-P) and P: is -16.7 KJ/mol: FBP + H2O fructose-6-P + Pi The standard free energy change (G) for ATP hydrolysis is -30.5 KJ/mol: ATP + H2O ADP + Pj What is the standard free energy change for the phosphofructokinase reaction: ATP + fructose-6-P ADP + FBP b. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction? c. Assuming the intracellular concentrations of [ATP] and (ADP] are maintained constant at 4 mM and 1.6 mM, respectively, in a rat liver cell, what will be the ratio of [FBP]/[fructose-6-P] when the phosphofructokinase reaction reaches equilibrium?

Why do muscle cells use creatine phosphate instead of glycolysis to supply ATP for the first few seconds of muscle contraction?

What accounts for the different number of ATP molecules that are formed through cellular respiration?

Distinguishing the Mechanisms of Class I and Class I Aldolases Fructose bisphosphate aldolase in animal muscle is a class 1 aldolase, which forms a Schiff base intermediate between substrate (for example. fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate) and a lysine at the active site (see Figure I8.12). The chemical evidence for this intermediate conies from studies with aldolase and the reducing agent sodium borohydride, NaBH4. Incubation of the enzyme with dihydroxyacetone phosphate and NaBH4 inactivates the enzyme. Interestingly, no inactivation is observed if NabH4 is added to the enzyme in the absence of substrate. Write a mechanism that explains these observations and provides evidence for the formation of a Schiff base intermediate in the aldolase reaction.

What is the primary difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration?