In the journal Mental Retardation, an article reported the results of a peer tutoring program to help mildly mentally retarded children learn to read. In the experiment, Form 2 of the Gates-MacGintie Reading Test was administered to both an experimental group and a control group after 6 weeks of instruction, during which the experimental group received peer tutoring and the control group did not. For the experimental group n1 = 30 children, the
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- Exercise is known to produce positive psychological effects. Interestingly, not all exercise is equally effective. It turns out that exercising in a natural environment (e.g., jogging in the woods) produces better psychological outcomes than exercising in urban environments or in homes (Mackay & Neill, 2010). Suppose that a sports psychologist is interested in testing whether there is a difference between exercise in nature and exercise in the lab with respect to post-exercise anxiety levels. The researcher recruits n 5 7 participants who exercise in the lab and exercise on a nature trail. The data below represent the anxiety scores that were measured after each exercise session. Treat the data as if the scores are from an independent-measures study using two separate samples, each with n 5 7 participants. Compute the pooled variance, the estimated standard error for the mean difference, and the independent-measures t statistic. Using a 5 .05, is there a significant difference…arrow_forwardThe Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the official unemployment rate for Black people was 10.4% and 4.7% for White people in February 2015. Select all correct answers for this question. O The samples of white and black people are independent. The explanatory variable is the unemployment rate. The response variable is the unemployment rate. The response variable is race.arrow_forwardResearchers investigate how the presence of cell phones influence the quality of human interaction. Subjects are randomly selected from a population and divided into an experimental group that is asked to leave their phones in the front of the room and a control group that are not asked to leave their cell phones at the front of the room. Subjects are left alone for 10 minutes and then asked to take a survey designed to measure quality of interactions they had with others in the experiment. What statistical test is appropriate?arrow_forward
- In an early study of the effects of frustration on feelings of hostility, Miller and Bugelski (1948) had a group of boys at a camp rate their attitudes toward two groups (Mexicans and Japanese). The campers then participated in a long, difficult, frustrating testing session that kept them away from their weekly movie. Finally the boys again rated their attitudes towards the minority groups. The scores below represent the number of unfavorable traits attributed to minorities and are similar to those of miller and Bugelski. Participant Before After A 5 6 B 4 4 C 3 5 D 3 4 E 2 4 F 2 3 G 1 3 H 0 2 a. Does the intervening unpleasant task alter attitudes toward the two…arrow_forwardIn a survey of working parents (both parents working), one of the questions asked was "Have you refused a job, promotion, or transfer because it would mean less time with your family?" 410410 men and 410410 women were asked this question. 26%26% of the men and 19%19% of the women responded "Yes". Based on this survey, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the proportion of men ( p1p1 ) and women ( p2p2 ) responding "Yes"? Use a significance level of α=0.05α=0.05 for the test. Step 3 of 5 : Compute the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to two decimal places.arrow_forwardHow would you find (a.) and (b.)?? As well as finding the test statistic and p-value?arrow_forward
- Acne is a common skin disease that affects most adolescents and can continue into adulthood. A study compared the effectiveness of three acne treatments and a placebo, all in gel form, applied twice daily for 12 weeks. The study's 517 teenage volunteers were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments. Success was assessed as clear or almost clear skin at the end of the 12 week period. The results of the study can be seen in the table below. Using the appropriate statistical test, determine if there is significant evidence that the four treatments perform differently. If so, how do they compare.arrow_forwardWhich of these experiments sounds the most like it would be analyzed with an Independent-Samples t-test? A. A study that gives patients a placebo on Monday and measures their pain, then has them back on Friday and gives them a real pain pill and measures their pain B. A study that compares tennis players vs. football players on their peak heart rate while playing their sports C.A study that looks at the attention span of a group of n=30 5-year-olds and then follows up with those same kids when they are 10-years-old D. A study that measures the knowledge of the transfer process for a group of Chaffey students, both before and after they attend an orientationarrow_forwardIdentify the statistical procedures that are appropriate for the data. Childhood participation in sports, cultural groups, and youth groups appears to be related to improved self-esteem for adolescents (McGee, Williams, Howden-Chapman, Martin & Kawachi, 2006) in a representative study, a researcher compares scores on a standardized self-esteem questionnaire for a sample of n = 100 adolescents with a history of group participation and a separate sample of n = 100 who have no history of group participation.arrow_forward
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