Imagine a firm’s marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is: MAC = 12 – E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, its marginal abatement cost function will be: MAC = 6 – 0.5E. The adoption costs for the new technology are $6. If the government raises the tax on emissions from $2 to $4, the firm's total costs increase by $_____. HINT: Total costs include tax payments, total abatement costs, and (if relevant) adoption costs for the new technology. Select one: a. $12. b. $8. c. $10. d. $16.

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No hand written solution Afirm has an industrial plant that emits pollutants into a town’s lake. The plant’s marginal abatement function is MAC= 200 – 0.5E and damages caused by its emissions are given by MD = 2E where emissions are in kg. per day. What is the socially efficient level of emissions from this plant? Illustrate this in a graph.   As an incentive to reduce emissions to the socially efficient level, government offers to pay the firm for each kg. of emissions it abates per day from this plant.   What subsidy per kg. should the government offer? If the plant abates to the socially efficient level of emissions, what total subsidy payment would the firm receive? Identify the area in your graph. How much better or worse off would the firm be compared to if it did no abating? Identify the area in your graph. What would be the net benefit to society if we pay the firm to reduce the plant’s emissions to the socially efficient level? Identify this area in your graph.

Suppose that a firm's marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is MAC = 8 - E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, then its marginal abatement cost function will become MAC = 4 - 0.5E. With an emissions tax of $2, the benefits of adopting the new technologies equal $_ Please round your final answer to two decimal places if necessary. Answer:

To model the effects of a carbon tax on CO2 emissions, policymakers study the marginal cost of abatement B(x), defined as the cost of increas- ing CO2 reduction from x to x +1 tons (in units of ten thousand tons- Figure 4). Which quantity is represented by the area under the curve over [0, 3] in Figure 4? B(x) ($/ton) 100 75 50+ 25- 1 3 Tons reduced (ten thousands) FIGURE 4 Marginal cost of abatement B(x).

ADJ Enterprises produces hydrothermocorticoids. The table below shows the costs of producing various quantities of hydrothermocorticoids.   Quantity Total Cost   Average Cost 0 $0 -- 1 $10 $10.00 2 $12 $6.00 3 $15 $5.00 4 $19 $4.75 5 $24 $4.80 6 $30 $5.00 7 $45 $6.43   ADJ sells its hydrothermocorticoids for $5 each (that is the price regardless of the number of hydrothermocorticoids it sells). Use the Profit-Maximizing Rule to explain the quantity that ADJ should produce to maximize its profits. You may use a calculator. You should explain the details of any calculation you perform. You should identify, explain, and apply the concept you use to answer this question. To receive full credit, your explanation must show all steps in any calculations you perform. Your explanation must also incorporate the profit-maximizing rule – state what that rule is and explain how it applies to ADJ’s situation. Note that it is…

Consider an industry with two firms that emit a uniformly mixed air pollutant (e.g., carbon dioxide). The marginal abatement cost functions for Firm 1 and Firm 2 are: MAC1 = 100 - e1 MAC2 = 100 - 4e2 Aggregate emissions for the industry are denoted as E = e1 + e2. [1] In an unregulated environment how many units of emissions does each firm emit?             Firm 1’s unregulated level of emissions ____________             Firm 2’s unregulated level of emissions ____________             Total unregulated level of emissions ______________

Suppose that a firm's marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is MAC = 12 - E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, then its marginal abatement cost function will become MAC = 6 - %3D 0.5E. With an emissions tax of $4, the benefits of adopting the new technologies equal $. Please round your final answer to two decimal places if necessary. Answer:

consider the following graph of the marginal benefits (MB) and marginal costs (MC) of producing paper. (This is not a question about externalities). Assume fixed costs are zero. Also, these aren't damages and abatement costs. $ MC MB° h f b d a Раper Suppose the firm produced at qa. Which area best represents the inefficiency associated with this level of production? o a. {e} P {f} OC {f-b} Od {e+c}

By selling x tons of the first commodity the firm gets a price per ton given by Px=96-4x By selling y tons of the other commodity the price per ton is given by Py=84-2y The total cost of producing and selling x tons of the first commodity and y tons of the second is given by C(x,y)=2x2+2xy+y2 Suppose that the firm’s production activity causes so much pollution that the authorities limit its output to 11 tons in total. That is x + y = 11.   What is the optimal amount of y?