Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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### The Genetic Code: Translating DNA to mRNA

If the template strand of DNA carries the code: GGT-AAT-ACT, then what is the corresponding mRNA code? Recall that DNA does not use "U" as a base. 

Enter your answer below using the same format as shown here (three capital letters for each codon, separated by a single dash, no spaces, repeat for each codon).

### Table 26-1: The Genetic Code

#### Explanation:

The table below is called the "Genetic Code" table. It is used to translate mRNA codons into amino acids during protein synthesis. The mRNA codons are made up of three nucleotides each, which correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals in protein synthesis.

The table is organized into rows and columns:

- **First Position (5’-end)**: The first base of the mRNA codon located on the vertical axis.
- **Second Position**: The second base of the mRNA codon located on the horizontal axis.
- **Third Position (3’-end)**: The third base of the mRNA codon located on the vertical axis.

Each cell within the table contains:
- **The codon sequence** (three RNA nucleotides, i.e., U, C, A, or G).
- **The corresponding amino acid abbreviation** (e.g., Phe, Ser, Tyr).

### Table Explanation:
- Each cell contains a codon sequence and its corresponding amino acid.
- U: Uridine
- C: Cytidine
- A: Adenosine
- G: Guanosine
  
#### Example:
- The codon "UUU" corresponds to the amino acid "Phe" (Phenylalanine).
- The codon "AUG" corresponds to Methionine (Met) and also serves as the principal initiation codon.

| First Position (5’-end) | Second Position                               | Third Position (3’-end) |
|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-------------------------|
|                         | U          | C          | A          | G          |                      |
| U                       | UUU Phe    | UUC Phe    | UUA Leu     | UUG Leu    | U                   |
|                         | UCU Ser    | UCC Ser    | UCA Ser    | UCG Ser    | C                   |
|                         | UAU Tyr    | U
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Transcribed Image Text:### The Genetic Code: Translating DNA to mRNA If the template strand of DNA carries the code: GGT-AAT-ACT, then what is the corresponding mRNA code? Recall that DNA does not use "U" as a base. Enter your answer below using the same format as shown here (three capital letters for each codon, separated by a single dash, no spaces, repeat for each codon). ### Table 26-1: The Genetic Code #### Explanation: The table below is called the "Genetic Code" table. It is used to translate mRNA codons into amino acids during protein synthesis. The mRNA codons are made up of three nucleotides each, which correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals in protein synthesis. The table is organized into rows and columns: - **First Position (5’-end)**: The first base of the mRNA codon located on the vertical axis. - **Second Position**: The second base of the mRNA codon located on the horizontal axis. - **Third Position (3’-end)**: The third base of the mRNA codon located on the vertical axis. Each cell within the table contains: - **The codon sequence** (three RNA nucleotides, i.e., U, C, A, or G). - **The corresponding amino acid abbreviation** (e.g., Phe, Ser, Tyr). ### Table Explanation: - Each cell contains a codon sequence and its corresponding amino acid. - U: Uridine - C: Cytidine - A: Adenosine - G: Guanosine #### Example: - The codon "UUU" corresponds to the amino acid "Phe" (Phenylalanine). - The codon "AUG" corresponds to Methionine (Met) and also serves as the principal initiation codon. | First Position (5’-end) | Second Position | Third Position (3’-end) | |-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-------------------------| | | U | C | A | G | | | U | UUU Phe | UUC Phe | UUA Leu | UUG Leu | U | | | UCU Ser | UCC Ser | UCA Ser | UCG Ser | C | | | UAU Tyr | U
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