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The LD50 of a certain substance is appreciably higher by inhalation than by ingestion. What conclusions may be drawn from this observation?
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- Following is a description of four individuals who havebeen drinking. Rank them from highest to lowest bloodalcohol concentration:a. John, who weighs 200 pounds and has consumedeight 8-ounce drinks on a full stomachb. Frank, who weighs 170 pounds and has consumedfour 8-ounce drinks on an empty stomachc. Gary, who weighs 240 pounds and has consumed six8-ounce drinks on an empty stomachd. Stephen, who weighs 180 pounds and has consumedsix 8-ounce drinks on a full stomachTable 1: Arterial blood gas concentration in patient Two hours after aspirin ingestion Ten hours after aspirin ingestion Normal values Partial Pressure CO2 26 mm Hg 19 mm Hg 35-45 mm Hg Partial Pressure O2 113 mm Hg 143 mm Hg 75-100 mm Hg Bicarbonate [HCO;] 18 mM 21 mM 22-26 mM pH 7.44 7.55 7.35-7.45 Blood salicylate concentration, mg/dL 57 117When total ALP levels are increased, it is the major liver fraction that is most frequently elevated especially in what kind of disease?
- Provide a detailed narrative description of the mechanism of carbonic anhydrase.Resting O2 consumption is about 250 ml/min. Resting CO2 consumption is about 200 ml/min. Both these volumes refer to volumes at STPD. How much mass is lost per day through the lungs exclusive of water loss, due to resting metabolism?The of the principal effects of diarrhea is the excretion (elimination through the bowels) of large quantities of sodium bicarbonate. Draw the equilibrium reaction showing the bicarbonate equilibrium. In which direction does the bicarbonate buffer system shift under these circumstances?
- A patient presents to the emergency department unconscious, after ingesting a bottle of temazepam. What acid–base disturbance would you expect to see? Increased anion gap metabolic acidosis Respiratory alkalosis Normal gap metabolic acidosis Respiratory acidosisExplain why a slight increase in blood pH may occur following a heavy meal. The elevated pH of blood, especially in the veins that carry blood away from the stomach, is called the post enteric alkaline tide.What type of substance is likely to breach the BBB? Would ethanol be likely to cross this barrier? Why or why not?
