Explain how an indirect neurotransmitter receptor mechanism (like A-G linked receptor) conduct cell signaling?

In terms of cell communication, compare and contrast the action of hydrophilic versus hydrophobic ligands (signaling molecules). What type of receptor is used by these ligands? How does each type of ligand influence cell activity?

Integrins have many functions, one of which is sensing connections to the extracellular matrix. What is the role of FAK in integrin signaling?

Binding EGF to the EGF receptor causes phosphorylation of tyrosines on the cytoplasmic tail of the receptor. Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which this phosphorylation activates downstream signaling complexes? Select one    A. Causes degradation of receptor by proteasome pathway   B. Causes EGF receptor to be internalized so it can interact directly with downstream signaling molecules   C. Tyrosine phosphorylation alters 3D structure of downstream signaling proteins causing them to change from an inactive to active conformation   D. Causes release of EGF from receptor   E. Alters the localization of downstream signaling partners in the cytoplasm

Jhat are the two problems that a protein component of an intracellular signaling circuit must solve?

Would nitrosylation of cysteine or ubiquitination of lysine disrupt binding the most in a G protein coupled receptor?

Explain how a tyrosine kinase (YK) receptor becomes phosphorylated and activated upon ligand binding.

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Describe the action of neurotransmitters at channellinked and G protein–linked receptors.

Describe the process of Signaling by Receptors That Are Ligand-Gated IonChannels?