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Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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During RT-PCR, a poly-T primer and reverse transcriptase is used to turn all the mRNA to DNA. Why is a poly-T primer always used?
All mRNA contains a 5' poly-U tail
All mRNA contains a 3' poly-U tail
All mRNA contains a 5' poly-A tail
All mRNA contains a 3' poly-A tail
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RT-PCR, or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, is a widely used technique for the detection and quantification of RNA molecules. In RT-PCR, RNA molecules are first reverse transcribed into complementary DNA (cDNA) using a reverse transcriptase enzyme, and then the cDNA is amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
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- Eukaryotic mRNA: usessnRNPs to cut out introns and seal together translatableexons. uses a spliceosome mechanism made of DNA to recognizeconsensus sequences to cut and splice. has a guanine cap on its 39 end and a poly(A) tail on its 59 end. is composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. codes the guanine cap and poly(A) tail from the DNAtemplate.arrow_forwardCloning Genes Is a Multistep Process The following DNA sequence contains a six-base sequence that is a recognition and cutting site for a restriction enzyme. What is this sequence? Which enzyme will cut this sequence? (See Figure 13.5 for help.) 5 CCGAGGAAGCTTAC 3 3 GGCTCCTTCGAATG 5arrow_forwardGiven the following mRNA, write the double-stranded DNA segment that served as the template. Indicate both the 5 and the 3 ends of both DNA strands. Also write out the tRNA anticodons and the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the mRNA message. DNA: mRNA: 5-CCGCAUGUUCAGUGGGCGUAAACACUGA-3 protein: tRNA:arrow_forward
- The pre-mRNA transcript and protein made by several mutant genes were examined. The results are given below. Determine where in the gene a likely mutation lies: the promoter region, exon, intron, cap on mRNA, or ribosome binding site. a. normal-length transcript, normal-length nonfunctional protein b. normal-length transcript, no protein made c. normal-length transcript, normal-length mRNA, short nonfunctional protein d. normal-length transcript, longer mRNA, shorter nonfunctional protein e. transcript never madearrow_forwardA frameshift mutation is caused by a: a. nucleotide substitution b. three-base insertion c. premature stop codon d. one-base insertion e. two-base deletionarrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes the process of DNA sequencing? a. DNA is separated on a gel, and the different bands are labeled with fluorescent nucleotides and scanned with a laser. b. A laser is used to fluorescently label the nucleotides present within the DNA, the DNA is run on a gel, and then the DNA is broken into fragments. c. Nucleotides are scanned with a laser and incorporated into the DNA that has been separated on a gel, and then the DNA is amplified with PCR. d. Fragments of DNA are produced in a reaction that labels them with any of four different fluorescent dyes, and the fragments then are run on a gel and scanned with a laser. e. DNA is broken down into its constituent nucleotides, and the nucleotides are then run on a gel and purified with a laser.arrow_forward
- Given the following tRNA anticodon sequence, derive the mRNA and the DNA template strand. Also, write out the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by this message. tRNA: UAC UCU CGA GGC mRNA: protein: How many hydrogen bonds would be present in the DNA segment?arrow_forwardDNA Profiles as Tools for Identification STRs are: a. used for DNA profiles b. repeated sequences present in the human genome c. highly variable in copy number d. all of these e. none of thesearrow_forwardTranscribe and translate the following DNA sequence (nontemplate strand): 5’-ATGGCCGGTTATTAAGCA-3’arrow_forward
- An individuals set of unique _______ can be used as a DNA profile. a. DNA sequence c. short tandem repeats b. SNPs d. all of the abovearrow_forwardPortions of eukaryotic mRNA sequence that are removed during RNA processing are . a. exons b. caps c. poly-A tails d. intronsarrow_forwardBelow is a sequence of 540 bases from a genome. What information would you use to find the beginnings and ends of open reading frames? How many open reading frames can you find in this sequence? Which open reading frame is likely to represent a protein- coding sequence, and why? Which are probably not functioning protein-coding sequences, and why? Note: for simplicitys sake, analyze only this one strand of the DNA double helix, reading from left to right, so you will only be analyzing three of the six reading frames shown in Figure 19.4.arrow_forward
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