-Describe what takes place in the three phases of interphase. G1 phase cell growth, S phase DNA synthesis, G2 phase cell growth. -What are cell cycle checkpoints? To pause the cycle at certain transition points. Where are they found in the cell cycle? What do they check for? If DNA is damaged the cycle must be put on hold so the cell can repair the damaged disdis-How do Rb and p53 negatively regulate the cell cycle in G1? -Describe the events that occur in the initiation and elongation of DNA replication in S phase ( Be specific!)
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- Describe cell cycle and the role cyclin-cdk complexes play in the cell cycle. -Write out what each phase is and how it is regulated. -Describe the importance of each part and its checkpoints. -Describe the three major cell cycle checkpoints i) List each checkpoint ii) Link that checkpoint to a type of DNA damageHow can defects in the regulation of cell-cyle checkpoints would affect cells and explain how these defects relate to uncontrolled division in cancer and cancer progression? Describe the movements of chromosomes and the status of the microtubules spindle during interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase? Explain the movement of chromosomes during stages of meoisis to produce sperm and eggs?Which of the following is NOT a checkpoint that controls the progression of cell cycle? The metaphase checkpoint determines if all chromosomes are attached to the spindle apparatus Cytokinesis involves the formation of cleavage furrow to separate the cells The G2 checkpoint checks for DNA damage and determines if all of the DNA is replicated Cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases are protejns that are responsible for advancing a cell through the phases of the cell cycle
- Normal Cell Cycle Describe the cell cycle using the following words: 1. Interphase 2. G1 1 3. G2 4. S phase 5. Mphase (mitosis) 6. Prophase 7. Metaphase 8. Anaphase 9. Telophase 10. Cytokinesis 11. Apoptosis 12. Check Points feedbackin which of the phases of the cell cycle do sister chromatids form? -g2 phase of interphase -g1 phase of interphase -m phase (mitosis) -s phase of interphase -c phase (cytokinesis)Which phase is described below? The chromosomes condense, Each is made of two sister chromatids,(looks) like an "X" Each sister is a clone, the closest of kin, And acentromere connects them like siamese twinsThe nucleolus disappears it melts away, as the cell takes a ribosomeproduction holiday, the centrosomes separate, start spindle formationfor separating chromatids and cell elongation.
- When considering the stages of the cell cycle, which stage is best associated with cells that do not divide, such as nerve cells? G1 phase M phase O None - all cells divide S phase G2 phase GO phase Pickles are often preserved in a 20-30% salt solution called brine. How does brine prevent contamination by microorganisms? Bacteria can't survive in hypotonic solutions because of the added pressure of the water they take in causing them to burst. O Bacteria can't survive in a hypertonic solution because they lose too much water and die. O The high salt concentration increases the pH of the environment, making it unfavorable for bacteria to live there. The high salt concentration creates an isotonic environment that the bacteria cannot live in. Bacteria cells are unable to digest the salt, thus killing the cells by starvation.v Part A Match the description with the stage of the cell cycle. Reset Help Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell DNA condenses to form chromosomes Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell Chromosomes Split and Move to opposite ends of the cell Cell begins to split into two DNA replicates Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase UnitConversionSE.pdf Type here to search 99+ RB (1MITOTIC In the cell cycle it is necessary for interphase to happen before mitosis and cytokinesis creates 2 identical cells. Why is interphase neccessary? What is 1 major reason that mitosis wouldn't work without interphase happening first? INTERPHASE G, (DNA synthesis) Cytokinesis PHASE (M) G, Ce t (level 1) tv MacBook Air DII 80 FS F4 & 23 $ 9. 7 8 3 4 Y W E J K F C V command option nd ...-
- Which of these is occurring during the mitotic step shown here? The nuclear membrane breaks down. The sister chromatids line up at the center of the cell. The chromosomes begin to uncoil as the nuclear membrane reassembles around them. Cytoplasm is divided into the two daughter cells. The sister chromatid pairs are pulled apart by the spindle fibers.Anaphase 26. Identify the stages of mitosis in the pictures: prophase Metaphase 27. What type of cell is pictured: Plant or animal? animal 28. What happens if mitosis is not controlled? Cancer Cancer Telophase 2 5 Cytokinesis 29. Describe how checkpoints control the cell cycle. What normally happens to a cell if the cell does not pass a normal cell cycle control? 30. Describe 3 types of genes, if mutated, result in cancer. proto-oncogenes tumor suppressor genes cell fate gener 31. Describe how cancer cells differ from normal cells. bellen beng 32. Describe various causes of cancer. Carcinogens - occelerates cell division ②Mutagens - domage DNA ③Age- 33. Describe various treatments for cancer. Also list possible side effects. Chemotherapy Surgery Radiation 34. What is a mitotic index? What does it measure? mitotic indey to diagnise Hairloss concer and grade tumors 35. Predicting what the mitotic index would be for these cells: a. cardiac (heart) cells low high b. cells of root tips low…Match these cell cycle checkpoints to their role in genome integrity Is the DNA replicated with out damage? [ Choose ] [Choose ] Are the chromosomes lined up correctly attached to the mitotic spindle? Intra-S (during S-phase) G1/S G2 Does the cell have a enough nutrients, proteins and growth factors? [ Choose ] Is the cellular DNA badly damaged during the replication process? [ Choose ]