Describe several components of pathogens that are involved inmicrobial adhesion.

An antibody binding to an antigen within the body can have which of the following outcomes that would help the host?  Choose all that apply. Agglutination of the pathogen Opsonization of the pathogen Stimulating apoptosis of bacteria and viral particles Activation of complement proteins

The simplest correct definition of disease is:     cellular dysfunction     organ failure     infection by a microbe     cellular destruction by chemicals

The process where antibody will cause microbes to be connected together so they can no longer cause infection is called:     excision     inactivation     coarctation     agglutination

phagocytic cells recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns using their:  Group of answer choices phagosomes perforins pyrogens pattern-recognition receptors

Acidic environments slow the growth of or destroy some pathogens. Which locations in the body use this defence mechanism? Select ALL that apply. a. Skin (sweat) b. Mouth (saliva) O c. Stomach (hydrochloric acid) O d. Vagina (produced by beneficial bacteria) e. Urinary tract (urine)

Which of the following is an example of a chemical barrier to infection? Cellular junctions Mucosal membranes Defensins O Skin

Although the complement cascade can be initiated by antibodies bound to the surface of a pathogen, complement activation is generally considered to be an innate immune response. This is because: Two of the three pathways for complement activation are initiated by constitutively produced recognition molecules that directly interact with microbial surfaces. When the complement cascade leads to the formation of a membrane-attack complex, the pathogen is killed. Several of the soluble products generated by complement activation lead promote the inflammatory response. Complement proteins bound to the pathogen promote uptake and destruction by phagocytic cells. The C3 convertase is only produced when complement activation is initiated by antibody binding to a pathogen.

In polymicrobial pulmonary infection, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia secretes a compound which activates an ARG in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This is an example of: Exposure protection Gene Mutation Protection mediated by interspecies communication Vulnerability due to cross feeding

In what ways is a phagocyte a tiny container of disinfectants?