All of the following are methods intracellular pathogens can use to survive inside a host cell EXCEPT create a capsule. Escape the phagosome. survive in the phagolysosome. prevent phagosome-lysosome fusion.

True or False: During phagocytosis, the entire microbe is destroyed and not used for any other purpose. O True O False

Which of the following is NOT a site colonized by normal microbiota in humans? Large intestine (colon) Skin Mouth Brain and spinal cord None of the other four answers (All are sites where normal microbiota are found)

Which of the following shows the highest phagocytic activity? NK cells Pmns involved in ADCC Tc cells Macrophages involved with a parasitic infection None of the above

Which of the following is the result of membrane attack complex? Select one: Cell lysis Cell precipitation Opsonization Cell agglutination

Which of the following would you anticipate would be secreted through the Type III secretion system during infection? a secondary messenger effector that is unable to cross the host cell membrane, such as the AexT protein that disrupts the host cell cytoskeleton the superantigen TSST that is responsible for the signs and symptoms associated with toxic shock syndrome a pore-forming cytolytic toxin, such as a hemolysin not enough information to determine the AB toxin responsible for the flaccid paralysis associated with botulism

By what means does a phagocyte destroy a bacterium that it has ingested?

Attenuated agents may induce immunity after a single dose may cause disease in immunocompromised (sick) individuals multiply in the body may revert or mutate to disease-causing strains all of the above

Which of the following is an example of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern that might be sensed by a Toll-like receptor? Lipopolysaccarides from Gram-negative bacterial outer membranes All of the options listed are correct The spike proteins on the Influenza A virus A unique glycoprotein on the flagella of Trypanosoma cruzi

True/False: Neutrophils regulate the production of active cathelicidins (a class of antimicrobial peptides) by segregating the inactive propeptide from the processing enzyme that cleaves and activates it in two different types of cytoplasmic granules. These two types of granules are induced to fuse with phagosomes after ingestion of microbes, bringing the processing enzyme and the propeptide together.