Q: provide one example from the Drosophila AP toolkit for "Toolkit genes can be classified according to…
A: The toolkit gene is a subset of gene whose product controls embryo development.
Q: . Why is Drosophila used extensively for genetic studies?
A: The characteristics which made an organisms particularly good mondel for genetic experimentation are…
Q: Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard and her colleagues carried out several experiments in an attempt to…
A: Bicoid gene is the maternal effect gene whose protein concentration gradient patters the…
Q: Compare and contrast how maternal-effect genes, gap genes, and homeotic genes affect Drosophila…
A: Homeotic genes are the class of genes present in Drosophila that direct the development of the…
Q: How did mutations in the Drosophila ANT-C gene complex provide researchers with information on the…
A: The embryonic development of drosophila is regulated by differential gene expression. These flies…
Q: The light- sensing units of ___________ are called "Ommatidia" and are composed of a series of ____…
A: Ommatidia are the compound eye of arthropods.
Q: Which of the following statement(s) is/are true with regard to positional information in Drosophila?…
A: Positional information is a signal which is received by each and every cell of the body in an…
Q: Can I get a paragraph about the Repo protein that is used in Drosophila melangaster?
A: REPO (reverse polarity) is a paired-like homeodomain protein expressed in the glial cells of…
Q: You discover a new Drosophila mutant in which mouthparts are located where the antennae are normally…
A: In Drosophila there are large genes which help in formation of body parts and forming body axis .
Q: Describe the relationship between homeotic genes in Drosophila and in mice.
A: Homeotic genes are the regulatory genes that play an important role in the regulation of the…
Q: Prior to the work described here, what was the original purpose ofMorgan’s experiments with…
A: Chromosome theory of inheritance states that genes are found at specific locations on chromosomes…
Q: molecular genetics, epigenetics and development biology principles, elucidate how the over 200…
A: The branch of genetics that deals with the molecular level study of gene function and structure is…
Q: Why is Drosophila used extensively for genetic studies?
A: The fruit fly or Drosophila melanogaster is used as a model organism for the study of different…
Q: Could I get a detail explination on the findings of this repo gene used in the Drosophila embryo?
A: Glial cells are the major cells that regulate the neuronal functions. The changes in glial cells are…
Q: In Drosophila melanogaster, curled wings (cu) was one of the first mutants described by
A: Genetics is a part of biology that deals with the transmission of characteristics from one…
Q: Describe two of the advantages of Drosophila as a model organism in genetics studies.
A: Drosophila a genus of two-winged flies also known as fruit flies because they gather around overripe…
Q: Propose one or more explanations for why Hox genes exhibit a relation between their order on the…
A: Gene is a functional unit of heredity. A gene is a sequence of nucleotides in genome that codes for…
Q: For the first experiment ever on Drosophila mutations. Answer the following questions. a. What is…
A: Drosophila melanogaster It is the species of fly which belongs to the family of Drosophilidae. It…
Q: • Describe what it means that a strain of Drosophila is wild-type for a particular character.…
A: Wild type Strain- it means an individual has a normal phenotype which is generally found in the…
Q: Discuss, using different examples, how biological pathways are informed by forward genetic screening…
A: C. elegans has established itself as a valuable model organism for identifying the genes and genetic…
Q: You find a new gene and want to know if it is expressed in the nervous system of Drosophila.What do…
A: Gene expression is a process in which the genetic instructions of genes are utilized to manage…
Q: Explain how loss-of-function mutations in the following categories of genes would affect the…
A: Drosophila is also called fruit-fly. It is often used as a model for biological investigations.
Q: explain Position-effect variegation in Drosophila?
A: Mutation is defined as the permanent change or alterations happening in the sequence of the DNA of…
Q: Distinguish among maternal effect genes, segmentation genes, and homeotic genes in Drosophila.
A: The pattern along the eventual head to tail (antero-posterior) axis of the flies Drosophila…
Q: Explain the functional roles of maternal-effect genes, gap genes, pair-rule genes, and…
A: The organism Drosophila melanogaster is also known as the fruit fly. These flies are easy to…
Q: gap genes, pair rule genes, segment polarity genes, and homeotic genes in Drosophila development.
A:
Q: How would you devise a screen to identify recessive mutations in Drosophila that result in embryo…
A: Fruit flies, or Drosophila melanogaster, are a good model for studying genetics and were chosen by…
Q: Explain the significance of “jumping genes.”
A: Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with genetic material like DNA, RNA. DNA stands for…
Q: In Table 13-1, what is the most common function of proteins that contribute to pattern formation?…
A: Drosophila melanogaster, a fruit fly, is utilised as a model organism in research spanning from…
Q: How do homeobox genes control segmental identity in drosophila embryo?
A: Homeobox genes encode DNA binding proteins that regulate the gene expression and controls…
Q: Where are there over 250 species of fruit flies (Drosophila)?
A: Drosophilidae, which members are often referred to as "small fruit flies”. Drosophila melanogaster…
Q: Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard and her colleagues carried out several experiments in an attempt to…
A: Formation of the anterior posterior axis, dorsal-ventral axis, and other developments within a body…
Q: What would be the effect of deleting the toll gene in Drosophila embryos?
A: What are toll genes? Toll is a maternally required Drosophila gene that encodes a transmembrane…
Q: Compare and contrast the experimental advantages of Drosophila and C. elegans in the study of…
A: The organisms that are generally used to carry out various experimental studies because they are…
Q: Describe the expression pattern of the Drosophila geneeve in the early embryo.
A: Drosophila development involves the specification of early embryonic cells by various cytoplasmic…
Q: How have we discovered that specific genes control development in an organism like Drosophila?
A: Genetics is a branch of the biology involved in the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity…
Q: Illustrate the chromosomes in the salivary gland of Drosophila melanogaster
A: Drosophila melanogaster have polytene chromosome in their salivary gland.
Q: What would be the most likely result of injecting bicoid mRNA into the posterior end of a Drosophila…
A: Various different genes regulate the formation of dorsal-ventral surface and anterior-posterior…
Q: How Drosophila Mutations that Affect the Two Sexes Differently?
A: Drosophila is a vastly studied organism, especially when it comes to genetic studies. XX makes the…
Q: Here are schematic diagrams of mutant Drosophila larvae. The left side of each pair shows a…
A: The fruit fly drosophila belongs to the family of Drosophilidae. The genetic configuration of the…
Q: Imagine that a female fruit fly carries a mutation that is heritable (can be passed on to the…
A: Genes come in pairs and are responsible for the inheritance and expression of the associated…
Q: The anterior–posterior axis of a Drosophila embryo is first established by certain (a) homeotic…
A: Drosophila is an important organism in developmental genetics research because it has a short life…
Q: Explain how polytene chromosomes of Drosophila are produced and how they form a six-armed structure?
A: Polytene chromosomes are large chromosomes that have thousands of DNA strands. They provide a high…
Q: William Jeffrey and his colleagues crossed surface-dwelling Mexican tetras that had fully developed…
A: Sonic Hedgehog : Master Gene for Embryogenesis In the days before molecular biology, embhryologists…
Q: In the gene in the fruit fly (Drosophila) called antennepedia. It controls the formation of which…
A: Mutations can be defined as the alteration in the sequence of the nucleotide of the genome.…
Compare and contrast the experimental advantages and disadvantages of Drosophila, C. elegans, mammals, and Arabidopsis.
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- provide one example from the Drosophila AP toolkit for "Toolkit genes can be classified according to the phenotypes caused by their mutation. Similar mutant phenotypes often reflect genes that function in a single developmental pathway. Distinct pathways exist for the generation of body axes, for example, and for the formation and identity of fields."Prior to the work described here, what was the original purpose ofMorgan’s experiments with Drosophila?Illustrate about the Map and sequence the genomes of several model organisms used in experimental genetics, including Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and Mus musculus (mouse).
- For the first experiment ever on Drosophila mutations. Answer the following questions. a. What is the title of the first published paper explained the experiment and what is the name of the Author? b. What is the first mutation discovered in Drosophila? c. Explain the changes in the Drosophila yellow mutant (Y)compared to wild type.Suppose a researcher has three different Drosophila strains that have mutations in the bicoid gene called bicoid-A, bicoid-B, and bicoid-C; the wild type is designated bicoid +. To study these mutations, phenotypically normal female flies that are homozygous for the given bicoid mutation were obtained, and their oocytes were analyzed using a Northern blot to determine the size and/or amount of the bicoid mRNA and in situ hybridization to determine the bicoid mRNA location within the oocyte. A wild-type strain was also analyzed as a control. In both cases, the probe was complementary to the bicoid mRNA and the results are shown below. (Anterior is on the left; posterior is on the right.) Northern blot 1 2 - 3 4 In situ hybridization Wild type Lane 1. Wild type (bicoid*) Lane 2. bicoid-A Lane 3. bicoid-B Lane 4. bicoid-C bicoid-B bicoid-A bicoid-C Which mutation is likely to cause the embryo to develop two "anterior" ends? bicoid-B Obicoid-A bicoid-CYou are a developmental geneticist studying flowering time variation in Arabidopsis. You perform a mutagenesis screen to identify mutants in the photoperiod pathway. Given what you know about photoperiodism in Arabidopsis, what phenotype are you looking for and under what photoperiodic conditions would you perform the experiment? delayed flowering in long days delayed flowering in short days same flowering in short days early flowering in short days same flowering in long days early flowering in long days
- Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard and her colleagues carried out several experiments in an attempt to understand what determines the anterior and posterior ends of a Drosophila larva (reviewed in C. NüssleinVolhard, H. G. Frohnhofer, and R. Lehmann. 1987. Science 238:1675– 1681). They isolated fruit flies with mutations in the bicoid gene (bcd−). These flies produced embryos that lacked a head and thorax. When they transplanted cytoplasm from the anterior end of an egg from a wild-type female into the anterior end of an egg from a mutant bicoid female, normal head and thorax development took place in the embryo. However, transplanting cytoplasm from the posterior end of an egg from a wild-type female into the anterior end of an egg from a bicoid femalehad no effect. Explain these results in regard to what you know about proteins that control the determination of the anterior–posterior axis.Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard and her colleagues carried out several experiments in an attempt to understand what determines the anterior and posterior ends of a Drosophila larva (reviewed in C. Nüsslein- Volhard, H. G. Frohnhofer, and R. Lehmann. 1987. Science 238:1675– 1681). They isolated fruit flies with mutations in the bicoid gene (bcd−). These flies produced embryos that lacked a head and thorax. When they transplanted cytoplasm from the anterior end of an egg from a wild-type female into the anterior end of an egg from a mutant bicoid female, normal head and thorax development took place in the embryo. However, transplanting cytoplasm from the posterior end of an egg from a wild-type female into the anterior end of an egg from a bicoid female had no effect. Explain these results in regard to what you know about proteins that control the determination of the anterior–posterior axis.The easily observed external structures in insects, such as different pairs of legs, antennae, and wings form from imaginal discs. a.) How is the identity of the different Drosophila imaginal discs established in the embryo—for example, how is it determined whether a disc will form a wing, a leg, or some other structure? b.) Dominant mutants in the gene Antennapedia result in fore legs forming in the location where antennae are expected. How does this mutant phenotype illustrate your response to Part a?
- Following a mutagenesis experiment to identify novel genes affecting the circadian clock in Drosophila melanogaster you discover several mutants. You start considering two of those mutants that you call C and d. The two homozygous C/C and d/d are arrhythmic (arrhythmic is the definition of their phenotype), whereas the two heterozygous C/C and D/d are rhythmic (rhythmic is the definition of their phenotype) with a 24h period. You make two true-breeding stocks: stock 3 homozygous for C and stock 4 homozygous for d. You cross them in both directions and in both cases you observe complementation with no difference between males and females. Then you take the progeny of one cross, for instance the F1 of Females 3 x Males 4, and you perform a Testcross. Out of 1000 flies resulting from the Testcross only 125 are rhythmic. Using the number of flies expected for the Parental and the Recombinant genotypes and the formula that defines recombination frequency, what is the distance between loci C…Following a mutagenesis experiment to identify novel genes affecting the circadian clock in Drosophila melanogaster you discover several mutants. You start considering two of those mutants that you call c and d. The two homozygous c/c and d/d are arrhythmic (arrhythmic is the definition of their phenotype), whereas the two heterozygous C/c and D/d are rhythmic (rhythmic is the definition of their phenotype) with a 24h period. You make two true-breeding stocks: stock 3 homozygous for c and stock 4 homozygous for d. You cross them in both directions and in both cases you observe complementation with no difference between males and females. Then you take the progeny of one cross, for instance the F1 of Females 3 x Males 4, and you perform a Testcross. Out of 1000 flies resulting from the Testcross only 125 are rhythmic. Considering that out of 1000 flies resulting from the Testcross only 125 are rhythmic how many flies in total are approximatively expected for the Parental genotypes?…Following a mutagenesis experiment to identify novel genes affecting the circadian clock in Drosophila melanogaster you discover several mutants. You start considering two of those mutants that you call c and d. The two homozygous c/c and d/d are arrhythmic (arrhythmic is the definition of their phenotype), whereas the two heterozygous C/c and D/d are rhythmic (rhythmic is the definition of their phenotype) with a 24h period. You make two true-breeding stocks: stock 3 homozygous for c and stock 4 homozygous for d. You cross them in both directions and in both cases you observe complementation with no difference between males and females. Then you take the progeny of one cross, for instance the F1 of Females 3 x Males 4, and you perform a Testcross. Out of 1000 flies resulting from the Testcross only 125 are rhythmic. Which is the genotype of the rhythmic flies resulting from the testcross? Select only one answer 1. C/C d/d 2. C/c D/d 3. C/c d/d 4. c/c…