Buffer systems can absorb hydrogen ions from the blood to increase pH into homeostatic range (pH: 7.35 to 7.45)During what condition would buffer systems do this?
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Buffer systems can absorb hydrogen ions from the blood to increase pH into homeostatic range (pH: 7.35 to 7.45)During what condition would buffer systems do this?
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- define buffer and write chemical equations for thebicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffer systems;Which of the following combinations would be the best choice to buffer the pH of a solution at approximately 7? Ionization Constants for Aqueous Weak Acids at 25 °C Acid K. (pK,) Conjugate Base Hydrogen phthalate ion, Cg H4(CO2H)(CO2) Acetic acid, CH3 CO,H Acetate ion, CH; CO2- 1.8 x 10-5 (4.74) Weak Acid Phthalic acid, C6 H4 (CO,H)2 1.3 x 10-3 (2.89) Dihydrogen phosphate Hydrogen phosphate ion, H2 PO4 Hydrogen phosphate ion, HPO42 6.2 x 10-8 (7.21) ion, HPO,2- Phosphate ion, PO,* 3.6 x 10-13 (12.44) O Na, HPO4 and NagPO4 O NaH2 PO4 and NazHPO4 O H;PO4 and NaH2 PO4The glass electrode used in commercial pH meters gives an electrical response proportional to the concentration of hydrogen ion. To convert these responses to a pH reading, the electrode must be calibrated against standard solutions of known H+ concentration. Determine the weight in grams of sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4 · H2O; FW 138) and disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4 ; FW 142) needed to prepare 1 L of a standard buffer at pH 7.00 with a total phosphate concentration of 0.100 M . See Problem 24 for the pKa values of phosphoric acid.
- Write a net ionic equation that shows how this buffer neutralizes added acid (HCl).The pHpH scale for acidity is defined by pH=−log10[H+] where [H+]is the concentration of hydrogen ions measured in moles per liter (M). A solution has a pH of 10.2. Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter (M).How much of the enzyme proteinase k (solute) is required to make 250ml of a solution with a concentration of .01mg/ml? (Weight/volume ratio)
- Normal arterial pH is 7.35 to 7. 45. Both metabolic and respiratory alkalosis have pH more basic compare to the normal arterial pH. The difference is 0.5 units. What is pH value in alkalosis? Niemann-Pick type C disease is a progressive neurological disease; symptoms include unsteady walking with uncoordinated limb movements, slurred speech, a difficulty in swallowing, epilepsy and tremor. This condition is due to the abnormal functioning of a lysosome. State the normal functions performed by this organelle.The normal range of the sodium electrolyte in the body is 134 to 145 mEq/L. The term mEq is dependent on the charge of the ion. Since sodium is a +1 ion, 134 mEq/L is the same as 134 mmol/L. An ion that has a greater positive or negative charge; however, will have 1 mEq for each positive or negative charge of the ion for every 1 mmol. For example, for Ca+2, 2mEq/1mmol. If the standard range of Magnesium in the body is 0.70 to 0.95 mmol/L, convert this value into mEq/L for the Mg2+ ion. (Use dimensional analysis to figure this out)Bicarbonate/carbonic acid buffer in blood is an example of an equilibrium reaction that is meant to be very insensitive to change. How does the bicarbonate/carbonic acid buffer re-establish equilibrium if acidity increases? How does the bicarbonate/carbonic acid buffer re-establish equilibrium if alkalinity increases?
- From the Henderson-Hasselbach equation, calculate the ratio of dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4-) and monohydrogen phosphate (HPO4-2) components required to produce buffer solution with1. pH 6.22. pH 7.23. pH 8.2A 1500 mL bag of 0.9% NaCl needs to have 9 grams of vancomycin added. How much water should the vancomycin be dissolved in prior to addition to ensure the resulting solution is isotonic with plasma? (SCE 0.06)Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃(s)) is an important building material (limestone) and a quick cure for acid indigestion (TUMS). Ksp = 8.7x10⁻⁹ for CaCO₃(s). What, if any, is the effect of lowering the pH (as occurs in acid rain and acid indigestion) on the solubility of CaCO₃(s). (hint: use Le Chatelier's principle) A) there is no effect from lowering pH on CaCO₃(s) solubility B) lowering pH increases the CaCO₃(s) solubility C) additional information is required to determine the outcome D) lowering the pH lowers the solubility