Gel Filtration Chromatography Affinity Chromatography SDS-PAGE
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- Osmosis Practice Activity Osmosis is the diffusion of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Only water moves in osmosis! The diagrams below show the concentration of water and salt inside the cell and the concentration of water and salt surrounding the cell. Complete the sentences below by comparing the concentration of the water inside the cell and the concentration outside the cell. 1. a. Water will flow the cell, out of the cell, in both directions). (into 5% NaCl 95% H20 95% NaCI 5% H20 b. The cell will (shrink, burst, stay the same). a. Water will flow (into the cell. 2. 5% NaCl out of the cell, in both directions). 5% NaCl 95% H20 95% H20 b. The cell will (shrink, burst, stay the same).6. Consider an experiment in which cells are radioactively labeled by this method for only a short period of time (about 30 minutes). The radioactive thymidine medium is then replaced with medium containing unlabeled thymidine, and the cells are grown for some additional time. At different time points after replacement of the medium, cells are examined in a microscope. The fraction of cells in mitosis (which can be easily recognized because their chromosomes are condensed) that have radioactive DNA in their nuclei is then determined and plotted as a function of time after the labeling with radioactive thymidine. labeled mitotic cells (%) 100 75- 50 25 0 bod 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 time (hours) a) Would cells at all phases of the cell cycle contain radioactive DNA immediately after the labeling procedure? Why? b) Why are there initially no mitotic cells that contain radioactive DNA? c) Explain the rise and fall and then rise again of the curve. d) Estimate the length of G2 for these cells e)…Osmosis and Red Blood Cells Imagine you are working in a research lab studying red blood cells. You prepare 5 mL solutions of salt dissolved in pure water at 0, 0.9, 1.5, and 5% NaCl. You have another solution of red blood cells, and you gently mix it and then add 100 uL of it to each of the three 5 mL solutions. You gently mix and observe a sample of each under the microscope. Results: Red blood cells look intact and normal in the 0.9% solution. In the 1.5% solution cells are present but look shriveled. In the 0 and 5% NaCl solutions, you do not see any cells at all! Exercise #2: Explain the results. Exercise #3: Would you expect to see the same effect as above on plant cells within intact plant tissue? Explain your answer.
- 6. A carrot, when dried out, becomes soft. There is a way to make it firm and crisp. Explain how and why, using the following guidelines. a) Draw and label a representative cell of the carrot, in its dried state. Be precise in your drawing. b)Describe the type of extracellular solution that is appropriate to add to make the desired change (name and define what type of solution, the net movements of solvent and solutes, etc.). c)Draw a representative cell of the carrot, in its possible state after the change. Represent the movement of water using an arrow to indicate what has happened.UV light has the greatest direct effect on protein structure within a cell, causing crosslinking of proteins. O 1) True 2) False1. In Gel filtration chromatography, when will you stop collecting eluents if sample is not colored? 2. Explain the Donnan Membrane Phenomenon. Why is it important for the homeostasis of the cell?
- 11. What could you add to an in vitro polymerization reaction of actin that would eliminate the initial slow phase of the curve below? 00% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Time % filaments10. Describe the functioning of a symporter or an antiporter of your choice. Tips: include the name of the symporter or antiporter, list what material(s) it assists to move through the cell membrane, include whether or not this transport needs energy and if it does how the energy is obtained. *14. DNA polymerase uses which of the following catalytic strategies: Group of answer choices Metal ion catalysis Hydrophobic catalysis Covalent catalysis General base catalysis
- Red blood cells are dropped in a solution of unknown concentration. Looking through the test tube, the image behind is cloudy. Upon microscopic examination we see that the cells seem to have shriveled up. What does this tell us about the solution? O It is isotonic O It is hypotonic O It is hypertonicIII. Frederick Griffith (Early 1930s) Frederick Griffith conducted an experiment using 2 different strains of the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. As you can see in the diagram below, the S strain bacteria killed the mice and the R strain bacteria did not kill the mice. What is the difference in structure between the S and R strains? Why does the dead mouse contain living S strain when only dead S strain was injected? Watch this to help you understand: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGOE-6y2YwQ EXPERIMENT Mixture of heat-killed S cells and living R cells Heat-killed Living S cells Living R cells (control) S cells (control) (control) RESULTS Mouse dies Mouse healthy Mouse healthy Mouse dies Living S cells S Strain = pathogenic/virulent R Strain = non pathogenic3. The fact that the CRA will spontaneously give up its electrons after a certain amount of time whether or not cytochrome c oxidase is present can be described as poor in the test system. How does the protocol minimize this possibility for error?