A. In transcription, a region of DNA opens up. One strand, the template strand, serves as atemplate for synthesis of a complementary RNA transcript. The other strand, the codingstrand, is identical to the RNA transcripf in sequence, except that it has uracil (U) bases inplace of thymine (T) bases.Given the following piece of messenger RNA (MRNA):CCUGCAGUAUGAAACGCCUGGUAGAAGGUGGGAAGUGGUGCGCC...Answer the following questions.1. List the complementary non-coding DNA sequence. This refers to the template strand.(Please insert a space every after three letters for easy checking of your papers. Thankyou.)2. List the DNA strand sequence complementary to the template strand. This refers to thecoding strand. (Please insert a space every after three letters for easy checking of yourpapers. Thank you.)3. List the amino acid sequence of the protein coded for. (Please insert a space everyafter one amino acid for easy checking of your papers. Thank you.)

The messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence is given, and we are asked to determine the complementary…

Answered: Answer the following questions. 1. List…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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C. Convert the DNA template to mRNA. Then, convert the mRNA to tRNA. Based from the resulting sequence in the anticodons of tRNA, determine the appropriate Amino acid sequence that will be synthesized. Refer to the genetic code. 1. DNA Template: TAC - GGC - TAC - CAT - ATG - GAG mrNA: tRNA: Amino acid sequence: 2. DNA Template: TTA - CAT - CAT - ATC - GAT - GAC mrNA: tRNA: Amino acid sequence: 3. DNA Template: CTA - GCG - ATA - AAA - TTT - ATT mrNA: tRNA: Amino acid sequence:
a. Use the parent strand as a template to synthesize mRNA strand. Describe how the mRNA strand is generated and regulated. Indicate the direction of synthesis. b. Synthesize a polypeptide from the mRNA.
C. The primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids linked together in a polymer (determined by the genetic code è mRNA codons). Draw the chemical structure of the primary structure of the SerCys-Lys polymer (with the appropriate covalent bonds) that would result if the ribosome completed the condensation reactions. Clearly label the N- and C- terminus of the polypeptide.
A gene is about to be transcribed. Draw a cartoon/ diagram of double stranded DNA that contains this gene, and indicate where in this DNA corresponds (or will correspond to after transcription): promoter, 4 exons, 4 introns, start of transcription, start of translation, start codon, and stop codon.
a. Use the genetic code provided in class to predict the sequence of protein formed from the following RNA strand. CGCUACAUCUUU b. If a gene mutation results in a frame shift, meaning the RNA sequence being read shifts rover by a base, and the translation machinery codes, instead, using the nucleotide sequence below, what is the amino acid sequence in the resulting portion of protein? GCUACAUCUUUA c. If a gene mutation results in a point mutation, meaning a single nucleotide is converted to a different nucleotide base, and the translation machinery codes, instead, using the nucleotide sequence below, what is the amino acid sequence in the resulting portion of protein? CGCUCCAUCUUU d. Which mutation is more likely to result in a slightly altered, but still functional, protein, the frame shift mutation or the point mutation? Briefly explain your answer.
B. A polypeptide has 51 amino acids in its primary structure. (i) What is the minimum number of DNA bases required to code for the amino acids in this polypeptide. Show your calculation. (ii) Does AUG appear in the first three nucleotides in the mRNA coding for this mRNA? Explain why.
b. The process by which the DNA instructions are converted into the functional product is called gene expression. Transcribe the DNA below into mRNA. A [Select ] G [ Select ] G [ Select ] T [ Select ] [ Select ] A [Select ] c [ Select ] T [ Select ] G [ Select ] > > > > > > > > >
a. Describe the different stages that occur during the translationprocess of Protein Synthesis.(b) using four examples of antibiotic inhibitors of translation, outlinehow inhibition occurs.
BONUS: In Bacteria, recognizes the Ribosomal Binding site on mRNA and catalyzes formation of peptide bonds during translation (answers must be in correct order) O aminoacyl tRNAses; aminoacyl TRNA synthetases ribosomal protein translation factors; ribosomal protein initiation factors O helicase; gyrase O 165 rRNA; 23S rRNA
D. The sequence of a eukaryotic gene is given below, where in boed an inset containing: 5'GA TTATGGAATTCACCTAT GATCGCAT GGCCATTGAACCT 3 3CTAATACETTAAGTGGATA CTAGCGTA CCGGTAACIT GGA 5 A. Write the sequence of the WRNA produced by its process of transcription and of wRNA that is transferred to ribosomes in order to produce the peptide B. A mutation has occured in the above gene. The GIC pair highlighted replaced by T/A. Cells that are homozygous for that mutation become Cancerous. Do think this gene is a you proto-oncogene? or a tumor suppressor gene and why? describes D₂. The following family tree is given which the way inheritance of a dease. It is noted that only one of its two persons generation I is heterozygous and that one of the individuals in subsequent generations exhibits unexpected Phenotype. Individuals II4 and III2 show its phenotype disease. The remaining individuals have normal phenotype. α
Name: Clas: Date: Transcription 3" ATGACGGATCAGCCGCAAGOCGGAAfTGGCGACATAA UACUGCCUAGUCGGCGUU 3 5' WA WAW TACTGCCTAGTCGGCG TCGCCTTAACCGCTGTATT 3' 6 Label the diagram as you read the following passage. Transcription is the process cells use to copy information from DNA into messenger RNA copies. Part of the chromosome's tightly wound-up long strand of DNA is "loosened" to allow for RNA polymerase room to copy part of the DNA. Think of this as opening a page out of a giant book with thousands of pages to make a copy of just that one page. One side of the DNA strand is the template strand (or anti-sense strand) and is used by an enzyme called RNA Polymerase to create the messenger RNA. RNA Polymerase is directed by a bunch of proteins called transcription factors to the spot it needs to start copying. RNA Polymerase reads the template strand from the 3' end to the 5' end and creates a messenger RNA strand that is complementary to the template strand. In the diagram above, you can see that…
B. One strand of a section of DNA isolated from E. coli reads: (Assume no start codon is required as is true under certain test tube conditions). 5' GTAGCCTACCCATAGG 3' What is the complementary DNA strand? 2. Suppose mRNA is transcribed from this DNA using the complementary strand as a template. What will be the sequence of the mRNA? 3. What would be the corresponding anticodons? 4. What peptide would be made if translation started exactly at the 5' end of this mRNA?

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