An auxotroph bacterium A could grow only on a medium containing leucine, and an auxotroph bacterium B could not grow on a medium containing galactose as the sole carbon source.
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- BACTERIA STRAIN A IS AUXOTROPHIC FOR METHIONINE AND STRAIN B IS AUXOTROPHIC FOR LEUCINE. A. WILL THESE STRAIN GROW ON MINIMAL MEDIUM (A MEDIUM THAT DOES NOT CONTAIN EITHER METHIONINE OR LEUCINE)? B. WHAT TYPE OF GENETIC RECOMBINATION MUST OCCUR TO RECOVER A PROTOTROPH?In a process of production of a recombinant protein by E. coli cells, it was observed accumulation of acetate in the culture medium. In this situation, it can be said that: (a) certainly the process in question was being conducted in anaerobiosis (B).Acetate accumulation is advantageous for the process as the acetate formation reaction generates 1 molecule of ATP (c)Knowing that decreasing the temperature of the process causes a reduction in the rate of glycolysis, this could be a strategy to reduce the accumulation of acetate (d).the acetate formed can be re-assimilated by the cell if the glyoxylate pathway is activated at some point in the cultureb ) Describe the contribution of Griffith , Avery et al . , Hershey & Chase , and Watson and Crick in the field of genetics . You are characterizing a newly discovered organism . You have noticed that the organism grows on two carbon sources - sucrose and mannitol . Whenever you add both sugars to the medium , sucrose will be completely metabolized before mannitol . a ) What is this growth pattern called ? b ) Describe a possible growth curve of sequential metabolism of the sugars .
- In your laboratory, you have an F− strain of E. coli that is resistantto streptomycin and is unable to metabolize lactose, but it can metabolizeglucose. Therefore, this strain can grow on a medium thatcontains glucose and streptomycin, but it cannot grow on a mediumcontaining lactose. A researcher has sent you two E. colistrains in two separate tubes. One strain, let’s call it strain A, hasan F′ factor (an F prime factor) that carries the genes that are requiredfor lactose metabolism. On its chromosome, it also has thegenes that are required for glucose metabolism. However, it is sensitiveto streptomycin. This strain can grow on a medium containinglactose or glucose, but it cannot grow if streptomycin is addedto the medium. The second strain, let’s call it strain B, is an F−strain. On its chromosome, it has the genes that are required forlactose and glucose metabolism. Strain B is also sensitive to streptomycin.Unfortunately, when strains A and B were sent to you, thelabels had fallen…17) What gives Aspergillus sydowii colonies their hairy appearance? a) Hyphae () b) Stipes c) Growing media ) d) Ascocarpoda Jack has designed one primer which is complementary to the DNA of E. coli. He then used that primer for a PCR reaction using DNA isolated from a mixture of bacteria. He got no PC reaction product and hence concluded that there is absolutely no E. coli in the bacteria mixture. His conclusion is .... () True ) FalseWith respect to F+ and F- bacterial matings, answer the following questions: (a) How was it established that physical contact between cells was necessary? (b) How was it established that chromosome transfer was unidirectional? (c) What is the genetic basis for a bacterium’s being F+?
- Consider the following experiment. First, large populations of two mutant strains of Escherichia coli are mixed, each requiring a different, single amino acid. After plating them onto a minimal medium, 45 colonies grew. Which of the following may explain this result? A) The colonies may be due to back mutation (reversion). B) The colonies may be due to recombination. C) Either A or B is possible. D) Neither A nor B is possible.Imagine that there is an E. coli outbreak in your area, and you would like to test the kangkong from your local grocery store. How could you modify this protocol to extract DNA from the kangkong (to identify the species) and check for presence or absence of E. coli.? Keep in mind that (i) E. coli is free-living and not an endosymbiont, and (ii) plant cells are encased in both a cell membrane and cell wall.When Griffith injected mice with a combination of live rough-strain and heat-killed smooth-strain pneumococci, he discovered that (a) the mice were unharmed (b) the dead mice contained living rough-strain bacteria (c) the dead mice contained living smooth-strain bacteria (d) DNA had beentransferred from the smooth-strain bacteria to the mice (e) DNA had been transferred from the rough-strain bacteria to the smooth-strain bacteria
- An E. coli colony grew on minimal medium supplemented with arginine and leucine. However, bacteria from this colony are unable to grow and form colonies on minimal medium supplemented with arginine and methionine. What is the genotype of the bacteria in this E. coli colony?With respect to F+ and F- bacterial matings, (a) How was it established that physical contact was necessary? (b) How was it established that chromosome transfer was unidirectional? (c) What is the genetic basis of a bacterium being F+?Why is it important to use a hyperthermophilic DNA polymerase in PCR? a) Because only hyperthermophiles have DNA polymerases. b) Because hyperthermophilic DNA polymerase is able to resist the saline reaction conditions. c) Because hyperthermophilic DNA polymerase is faster than other polymerases. d) Because hyperthermophilic DNA polymerase is able to resist denaturation at 95℃.