A bacterial species X is inoculated in a screw capped test tube containing the broth media and incubated overnight at temperature of 25°C. What can be deduced from the growth characteristics (shown below) of species X? O a. Species X is aerotolerant. O b. Species X is an aerobic bacterium. c. Species X is an obligate anaerobic bacterium. d. Species X is a facultative anaerobic bacterium.
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- Below are morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of an unknown luminous bacterium isolated from the gills of a marine fish. Use the data below to identify the isolate. Make an identification scheme Test Unknown Isolate B 1 Luminescence Positive 2 Cell Shape Straight Rods 3 Gram Staining Negative 4 Oxygen Requirement Facultative Anaerobe 5 Motility (Hanging Drop) Motile 6 Growth at 0% NaCl Negative 7 3% NaCl Positive 8 6 % NaCl Positive 9 Accumulation of PHB Positive 10 Flagella 1 Polar 11 Oxidase Positive 12 Nitrate Reduction 13 Gelatinase Negative 14 Growth at 35OC Positive 15 Growth at 4OC Negative 16 Methyl Red Positive 17 Voges-Proskauer Positive 18 Catalase Positive 19 Starch Hydrolysis Negative 20 Lysine…a. What oxygen requirements do your think this bacterium will have (obligate aerobe, obligate anaerobe, facultative anaerobe, aerotolerant anaerobe, or microaerophile), and why? b. You run a thioglycollate test of your isolated bacterium. Based on your response to Part A, which thioglycollate tube best represents the result you would expect for your bacterium? Explain your response. If the result you would expect is not represented, explain what the tube should look like. c. What would you expect to be the result of a catalase test of your bacterium? d. What techniques or specialized equipment, if any, would you need to grow cultures of this bacterium?1 H 2 176 old culture Smear too BOTERC Losk like? + b. Failure to apply the decolorizer. + ne c. Failure to apply the safranin. Determine whether bacteria are motle or non-motle by looking at the growth in semi-solid medium What is the concentration of agar in (a) typical solid medium (b) semi sold motility medium? Arawer Q1 on Page 357. 7. Orygen Requirement: + d. Reversal of crystal violet and safranin stains. A questions 1.2 and 3 o Pg 83-84 Refer to the power point Questions 1 Predict the effect of the following "mistakes" made when performing a Gram stain. Your answer needs to address the predicted effect on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells. Consider each mistake independently. a. Failure to add the iodine. 414 gait to fer. 2 Both crystal violet and safranin are basic stains and may be used to do simple stains on Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells. This being the case, explain how they stain different cell types in the Gram stain. why? a cell wall. patem in…
- 1. Illustrate in a diagram the identification scheme from gram-positive cocci.2. Discuss the principle involved in the biochemical tests in identifying species of staphylococci.3. Illustrate in a diagram the identification scheme for Streptococci.4. Discuss the principle involved in the biochemical tests in identifying species of Streptococci.Pregunta 7 Diluting a culture of bacteria to detemine the cancentration OC) Generally not required for well-established E. ull cultures O (D) Both A and B are correct O A) Performed on a liquid bacterial culture to determine the type of organism present O (B) Involves the use of spread plating Pregunta 8 Preparing a cell extract O (B) May involve the use of a detergent O (D) A-C are correct OWs done to prepare a sample for chromatography O (C) May involve the use of an enzyme Pregunta 9 Preparing a cell extract as we did in class O A Resulted in a cell extract with all denatured proteins pok O (C) Both B and D are correct O (B) Involved SDS orm oring O (D) Resulted in a cell extract that maintalned protein tertiary structures TeamsWhich type(s) of medium would be used in each scenario?a. isolating the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes from a patient’s throat swabb. isolating a pathogen from a patient’s clean-catch urine samplec. isolating enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli from a sample oforganically grown spinach d. maintaining a patient’s nasal swab specimen for further analysis andidentifi cation of possible respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection
- explain how the use of an Eosin methylene blue agar plate can help determine the type of fermenters that bacteria are. explain throughly.a. This bacterium is a gram-negative cocci. It can ferment glucose, meaning it is positive for fermentation of glucose test. It can also reduce nitrate. What is it? b. This bacterium is a gram-positive rod. It is negative for the catalase reaction, but does produce gas from glucose. What is it?Young woman applies to her health center with burning and frequent vomiting but has no fever. The doctor diagnoses acute cystitis and the patient is allowed to leave a urine sample. a. How should the urine sample be taken? And why is this technology chosen? b. A rapid test is performed on the urine sample via a test strip that has reagent fields for nitrite. After 1 min read the strip which is pink colored. Which bacterial species is most likely in the urine sample? c. What is the reservoir for this urinary tract pathogen?
- A batch of raw milk was tested and found to contain a bacterial population of 4x I05 cfu/ml. It is to be pasteurised at 79°C for 21 seconds. The average D value at 65°C for the mixed popUlation is 7 min. The z value is 7°C.1. Explain the terms "'D value" and "z value".II. Calculate how many organisms will be left after pasteurisation.III. How much time will be needed at 65°C to accomplish the same degree of lethality?IV. How much time will be needed at 72°C to achieve the same degree of lethality?1. The differential aspect of MacConkey agar allows for the determination of which bacteria are lactose fermenters and which are not. 2. Blood agar is used to determine an organism's ability for hemolysis. Blood agar is differential in this regard. 3. EMB agar uses two dyes, eosin and methylene blue, to restrict the growth of gram-positive organisms, making this agar (EMB) in this regard. 4. Crystal violet dye in MacConkey agar will prevent some organisms from growing, making MacConkey agar in this regard. The crystal violet dye can also be used in the determination of the ability to ferment the carbohydrate in the agar; making MacConkey agar in this regard. 5. Use of an agar which contains an elevated amount of salt would allow some organisms to grow while preventing the growth of other organisms. This media would be considered selectiveSuppose you spilled two cultures of Salmonella typhimur-ium (each containing 100,000 cells) on your lab bench. You im-mediately applied the same disinfectant to both cultures at thesame time. One culture had been freshly grown for 36 hours andthe other culture is 2 weeks old. If the kill ing rate of the disin-fectant is 90% per minute, do you think that microbes in bothcultures will be completely killed after 6 minutes? Why or whynot?