A student conducts two experiments to observe the effects of different factors on ATP production during aerobic cellular respiration. In the first experiment, the student isolates mitochondria in a test tube, adds oxygen to the test tube, and measures the amounts of ATP produced at three temperatures. In a second experiment, the student keeps the temperature the same and varies the concentration of oxygen added to the test tube for each trial. The student records all data in the table shown. Experiment Trial Temperature Oxygen Concentration ATP Produced (°C) (mol/L) (mol/L) 25 15 1.5 30 15 1.8 35 15 2.6 35 25 3.5 2 35 35 3.8 3 35 45 4.2 Besides the addition of oxygen, what other reactant did the student add to the test tube to generate ATP? O amino acids O fatty acids O glucose O lipid 1.

Yeast are facultative anaerobic organisms that can make ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but are also capable of switching to fermentation under anaerobic conditions. For thousands of years, humans have used yeast, such as Saccharomyces cervesisiae, to ferment grapes (starch sugar) to make wine (alcoholic beverage). Four batches of wine were made following the contents and conditions listed in the table below, Contents and Conditions of Four Batches of Wine Yeast Solution Water Grape Solution Batch Added Container (L) (L) (L) Lid 1 40 0.0 8 оpen 2 40 0.2 8 closed 40 0.2 8. оpen 4 40 0.2 closed 9. The yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) would produce the greatest amount of ATP is the batch of wine numbered 1 4 D. The highest alcohol (ethanol) content would be found in the batch of wine numbered 02 3

List ALL of the substrate-level phosphorylation steps in cellular respiration and the enzymes that perform these SP steps. For your answer, use this format: reactant. poroduct . enzyme

Describe the process shown in the model below. In addition to your description of the process and the steps involved, identify the following pieces of the model: 1) blue hexagon labeled #1, 2) grey oval labeled #2, 3) the three red ovals. Acetyl COA CYTOSOL MITOCHONDRION 32-34

You are testing the effects of different molecules on respiration using isolated liver cells that are growing on glucose. For each of the compounds listed below, indicate whether the compound will increase or decrease respiration (measured by monitoring oxygen consumption), and provide reasoning for your answer in two sentences at most. Consider only the early time after the compound begins to exert its effects. a. An inhibitor of the FoF1 ATPase b. A proton channel that enables protons to cross the inner mitochondrial membrane by facilitated diffusion c. An inhibitor of NADH dehydrogenase (complex I of the electron transport chain)

coliis a species of bacteria that, under the appropriate conditions, can grow using fermentation, anaerobic respiration, or aerobic respiration. This is one example of how E. colihas a greater metabolic capability than we humans, who can only survive using aerobic respiration, and who can perform fermentation for short periods of time. Consider the relative energy yield and efficiency of these three processes. Imagine you grow three cultures of E. coli as follows: A: Fermentation B: Anaerobic respiration C: Aerobic respiration You provide each culture with sufficient glucose in order to get each culture to produce the same biomass, i.e., the same amount of E. coli cells. In order to accomplish this, which culture would need to consume the greatest amount of glucose? Group of answer choices A. Each culture would need to consume the same amount of glucose to produce the same biomass B: Aerobic respiration C: Anaerobic respiration D: Fermentation