A significant number of mutations in the HBB gene that causehuman β thalassemia occur within introns or in upstream noncodingsequences. Explain why mutations in these regions oftenlead to severe disease, although they may not directly alter thecoding regions of the gene.

Q: If the following truncated peptide represents the active domain of the COVID19’s S-protein…

A: Mutations are alterations in the DNA sequence of an organism. Small changes, such as adding or…

Q: The following is the only intron sequence of a gene that will be excised during the maturation of…

A: RNA splicing is the process of removal of non coding sequences called as introns and joining of…

Q: Consider the Rho-dependent terminator sequence 5’CCCAGCCCGCCUAAUGAGCGGCCUUUUUUUU-3’. What affect…

A: The mutation is the change in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA. The point mutation is the mutation…

Q: by Transcription Factor IID (TF IID)

A:

Q: Describe the various post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications that occur during the…

A: Post-transcriptional modifications are those modifications that occur after the completion of…

Q: In the splicing of group I introns shown, does the 5′ end of the intron have a phosphate group?…

A: Introns are the inert elements in the DNA. They are otherwise said to be non coding regions of DNA…

Q: Linezolid is a new type of antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis in several bacterial species…

A: Linezolid is an antibacterial drug used to treat infections caused by resistant strains of…

Q: mitochondrial genes affecting tRNAs. For example, one form of MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy,…

A: Mitochondrial diseases ( MELAS) are a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disease  it is caused…

Q: Intron frequency varies considerably among eukaryotes. Provide a general comparison of intron…

A: The intron is a sequence of nucleotides within a gene. It is removed by RNA splicing during final…

Q: Most of the mutations that Yanofsky recovered were missense mutations. However, Yanofsky also…

A: Hypothesis is basically a proposed explanation for any naturally occurring phenomenon in the…

Q: Explain post-translational modification of proteins in general with the types of reactions. Provide…

A: Ans:--PMT's are enzymatic , covalent chemical modification of protiens that typically occur ofter…

Q: Cystic Fibrosis is a genetically heritable disease caused by the loss of the chloride channel, CFTR.…

A: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that is characterized by the production of excessively thick…

Q: Here is a second human gene, called cxx3. The structure indicates the following: the start and end…

A: RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a molecular technique commonly used to…

Q: Consider the following coding 71 nucleotide DNA template sequence (It does not contain a…

A: In cell protein formed according to the sequence on mRNA. mRNA is formed from DNA sequence by the…

Q: The following is the only intron sequence of a gene that will be excised during the maturation of…

A: In science, a gene is an essential unit of heredity and a succession of nucleotides in DNA or RNA…

Q: The lac genotypes are as shown below: P+OcZ-Y+A+// P¯O+Z+Y+A+ (i) The lac operon consists of three…

A: Introduction The lactose operon (also known as the lac operon) is a group of genes present in E.…

Q: In bacteria, researchers have isolated strains that carry mutations within tRNA genes. These…

A: Codon is located on mRNA while anticodon is on tRNA. Anticodons specifically identifies and pair to…

Q: The codon change (Gly-12 to Val-12) in human rasH that convertsit to oncogenic rasH has been…

A: The codons are the triplet sequences of the nucleotides like DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA…

Q: Several experiments were conducted to obtain information about how the eukaryotic ribosome…

A: A ribosome is a biological unit made up of RNA and protein that functions as the cell's protein…

Q: Direct mutagenesis of Ca2+ ATPase gene resulted in the replacement of two amino acid residues -…

A: Ca2+ ATPase is a transmembrane protein found in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the muscle cells. It…

Q: The method of Northern blotting is used to determine the amountand size of a particular RNA…

A: A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present on a chromosome. It is the region that encodes the…

Q: A gene contains eight sites where alternative splicing is possible. Assuming that the splicing…

A: Given :  A gene contains eight sites where alternative splicing is possible. To find : The splicing…

Q: An E. coli lac- mutant (a mutant that cannot grow in the medium containing lactose as only carbon…

A: Operon, is a bacterial and viral genetic regulation system in which genes coding for functionally…

Q: If all members of a transposable element family can besilenced by dsRNA synthesized from a single…

A: nematode cells are infected with short double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments (Caenorhabditis…

Q: A significant number of mutations in the HBB gene that cause human b@thalassemia occur within…

A: Introduction: HBB is also known as beta-globin, hemoglobin, etc. It is a globin protein encoded by…

Q: TRUE FALSE EF-Ts factor regenerates EF-Tu/GDP from EF-Tu/GTP for the next round of elongation cycle…

A: There are many biomolecules present in an organism and each biomolecule has a specific role.…

Q: If the following nucleotide sequence represents the active domain of the COVID19’s M-protein 5’…

A: The question addresses potential mutations in the nucleotide sequence representing the COVID-19…

Q: Shown is part of the coding strand of the HBB gene involved in sickle cell disease. What will be the…

A: The protein is synthesized by the process of translation. It takes place in the cytoplasm of the…

Q: Explain how a transcriptional fusion to a reporter gene, combined with site directed mutagenesis,…

A: Studies of gene expression and promoter activity are frequently made easier with the aid of gene…

Q: There is a situation in which a gene has five exons. Please draw four possible mature products of…

A: Alternative splicing is a biological process that involves the joining of exons from the same gene…

Q: Eukaryotes modify mRNA with an m7G cap: an  N7-methylated guanosine linked via a 5′ to 5′…

A: Post transcriptional capping refers to the attachment of an enzymatically appended cap on the 5'…

Q: G3A (G at position 3 was changed to A) G9A Deletion of TCA at position 18-20 C22A T31A, A32T double…

A: The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of the heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of…

Q: Another thalassemic patient had a mutation leading to the production of an mRNA for the β chain of…

A: Thalassemias are hereditary blood diseases in which hemoglobin synthesis is reduced. Thalassemias…

Q: Human histone H1 protein has the protein sequence as shown as “KKASKPKKAAS-…

A: Histone H1 protein K in the sequence represents lysine The given histone sequence is rich in lysine…

Q: While miRNA response elements (MREs) may be located anywhere within an mRNA, they are most often…

A: Micro-RNAs are defined as a class or group of non-coding RNAs that will play an essential role in…

Q: What is the peptide encoded by this mRNA sequence 5’-UCU-GCA- AAU-UAA -GUU-3’?

A: m-rna is synthesized in 5' to 3' direction and it used the enzyme rna polymerase and dna template…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.