A large molecule of DNA containing genes essential for the survival of an organism is called a/an Plasmid MRNA O Operon Chromosome

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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**Title: Understanding Essential Genetic Structures**

**Question:**

A large molecule of DNA containing genes essential for the survival of an organism is called a/an ___________.

**Options:**
1. Plasmid
2. mRNA
3. Operon
4. Chromosome

**Explanation of Terms:**
- **Plasmid:** A small, circular piece of DNA commonly found in bacteria that is separate from chromosomal DNA. Plasmids can carry beneficial genes for the host organism but are not essential for survival.
- **mRNA (Messenger RNA):** A type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized. mRNA is not a DNA molecule.
- **Operon:** A unit of DNA consisting of multiple genes under the control of a single promoter. While operons organize gene expression in prokaryotes, they are not large DNA molecules.
- **Chromosome:** A long, continuous thread of DNA that contains numerous genes, regulatory elements, and other nucleotide sequences. In most organisms, chromosomes carry genetic information essential for survival.

**Correct Answer:** Chromosome

**Visual Explanation:**
There is no graph or diagram accompanying this question, simply a list of multiple-choice answers. Each choice is preceded by a small, empty circle allowing the user to select an answer. The options are listed vertically in a simple, clear format making it easy for students to understand and choose their response.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Understanding Essential Genetic Structures** **Question:** A large molecule of DNA containing genes essential for the survival of an organism is called a/an ___________. **Options:** 1. Plasmid 2. mRNA 3. Operon 4. Chromosome **Explanation of Terms:** - **Plasmid:** A small, circular piece of DNA commonly found in bacteria that is separate from chromosomal DNA. Plasmids can carry beneficial genes for the host organism but are not essential for survival. - **mRNA (Messenger RNA):** A type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized. mRNA is not a DNA molecule. - **Operon:** A unit of DNA consisting of multiple genes under the control of a single promoter. While operons organize gene expression in prokaryotes, they are not large DNA molecules. - **Chromosome:** A long, continuous thread of DNA that contains numerous genes, regulatory elements, and other nucleotide sequences. In most organisms, chromosomes carry genetic information essential for survival. **Correct Answer:** Chromosome **Visual Explanation:** There is no graph or diagram accompanying this question, simply a list of multiple-choice answers. Each choice is preceded by a small, empty circle allowing the user to select an answer. The options are listed vertically in a simple, clear format making it easy for students to understand and choose their response.
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