A human gene called the β-globin gene encodes a polypeptidethat functions as a subunit of the protein known as hemoglobin.Hemoglobin is found within red blood cells; it carries oxygen. Inhuman populations, the β-globin gene can be found as the common allele called the HbAallele, and it can also be found as theHbSallele. Individuals who have two copies of the HbSallele havethe disease called sickle cell disease. Are the following examplesdescriptions of genetics at the molecular, cellular, organism, orpopulation level?A. The HbSallele encodes a polypeptide that functions slightlydifferently from the polypeptide encoded by the HbAallele.B. If an individual has two copies of the HbSallele, that person’sred blood cells take on a sickle shape.C. Individuals who have two copies of the HbAallele do nothave sickle cell disease, but they are not resistant to malaria.People who have one HbAallele and one HbSallele do not havesickle cell disease, and they are resistant to malaria. People whohave two copies of the HbSallele have sickle cell disease, andthis disease may significantly shorten their lives.D. Individuals with sickle cell disease have anemia because theirred blood cells are easily destroyed by the body.
A human gene called the β-globin gene encodes a polypeptide
that functions as a subunit of the protein known as hemoglobin.
Hemoglobin is found within red blood cells; it carries oxygen. In
human populations, the β-globin gene can be found as the common allele called the HbA
allele, and it can also be found as the
HbS
allele. Individuals who have two copies of the HbS
allele have
the disease called sickle cell disease. Are the following examples
descriptions of genetics at the molecular, cellular, organism, or
population level?
A. The HbS
allele encodes a polypeptide that functions slightly
differently from the polypeptide encoded by the HbA
allele.
B. If an individual has two copies of the HbS
allele, that person’s
red blood cells take on a sickle shape.
C. Individuals who have two copies of the HbA
allele do not
have sickle cell disease, but they are not resistant to malaria.
People who have one HbA
allele and one HbS
allele do not have
sickle cell disease, and they are resistant to malaria. People who
have two copies of the HbS
allele have sickle cell disease, and
this disease may significantly shorten their lives.
D. Individuals with sickle cell disease have anemia because their
red blood cells are easily destroyed by the body.
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