A data set from a study that examined the effect of a specific diet on blood pressure is provided . Participants (n = 72) were randomly assigned either to a group that was put on the diet (Diet = Present) or to a group that was not put on the diet (Diet = Absent), and researchers wanted to know whether the diet had a significant impact on blood pressure.    Fully interpret the results in the context of this study (i.e., report the conclusions as related to the research question).

Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 80th percentile for their age, gender, and height)and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after4 years of follow-up. The data are given in images. a) Suppose the investigators are reluctant to assume that the change in LVM over four years is normally distributed. What test can be used to assess if there is a change in mean LVM over four…

If there is an interaction, is the interaction significant? That is, does the effect of maternal diet on passive avoidance depends on the levels of age(i.e., on whether the rat is adolescent or adult)? Why? Provide F-statistic, df of the numerator, df of the denominator ,  and p-value.

A researcher is studying the relationship between sugar consumption and weight gain. Twelve volunteers were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The first group had five participants which were put on a diet low in sugar and the other group with the remaining seven participants received 10% of their calories from sugar. After 8 weeks, weight gain was recorded from each participant.  a) Explanatory variable:    (weight, 10% calories, Sugar consumption, weight gain) b) Response variable:    (weight gain, type of diet for severe participants, sugar consumption) c) Which of the following principles was not used in this study?                         A. Replication           B. Blinding                      C. Randomization                  D. Control d) This study is a(n)       (Survey, observational, experimental)     study. e) The ‘low sugar’ group can be thought of as a control group. The control group is being used in this experiment to avoid       (republication, confounding with…