A 78-year-old lady receiving treatment for hypertension was investigated by her doctor by monitoring renal function tests (reference ranges are given in brackets): Sodium Potassium Urea Creatinine Comment on these results. 142 mmol/L 2.2 mmol/L 8.9 mmol/L 142 μmol/L (135-145) (3.5-5.0) (3.5-6.6) (70-150)
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- The results observed in a patient admitted to an emergency department with confusion and oliguria were reviewed (reference ranges are given in brackets): Sodium Potassium Urea Creatinine Alkaline phosphatase Alanine aminotransferase Albumin Bilirubin Calcium 146 mmol/L 7.2 mmol/L 18.5 mmol/L 256 μmol/L 319 IU/L 32 IU/L 42 g/L 13 μmol/L 2.47 mmol/L (135-145) (3.5-5.0) (3.5-6.6) (70-150) (95-320) (a) What is the electrolyte abnormality in this patient? (b) What do the data suggest? (c) What action should you take? (5-42) (35-50) (<17) (2.12-2.62) The sample was not visibly haemolysed and was centrifuged and analysed in the labora- tory within one hour of being collected.Calculate the amount of mL to be given: Order: theophylline (Theo-Dur) 160 mg po q6h Supply: Theo-Dur liquid labeled 80 mg/15 mL O 7.5 mL O 15 ML O 30 mL O 20 mLA 26 year old female with hypokalaemia is prescribed an intravenous infusion of 0.15% potassium chloride (KCl) to correct this imbalance. She is to receive 50 mL 0.15% KCl over 6 hours. (0.15% KCl contains 20 mmol KCl per litre) How much potassium (in mmol/hour) is the patient receiving? units -mmol/hr
- A patient suffers from hypokalaemia, and is prescribed an intravenous infusion of 0.15% potassium chloride (KCl) to correct this imbalance. She is to receive 50 mL 0.15% KCl over 4 hours. How many mmol/hour of potassium is she receiving? (0.15% KCl contains 20 mmol potassium per litre)a) The total amount excreted into urine as unchanged drug after an oral tablet (A) of 50 mg was 36.4 mg. After an oral capsule dose (B) of 25 mg the Uo was 20.3 mg. Calculate the relative bioavailability of the tablet A with respect to capsule B. If the absolute bioavailability of the oral capsule is determined to be 0.86 calculate the absolute bioavailability of the tablet dosage form. You are required to list the given data, formula and steps for calculationsA uremic patient has a urine output of 1.8 L/24 h and an average creatinine concentration of 2.2 mg/dL. What is the creatinine clearance? How would you adjust the dose of a drug normally given at 20 mg/kg every 6 hours in this patient (assume the urine creatinine concentration is 0.1 mg/mL and creatinine clearance is 100 mL/min)?
- General Blood Urine BP: 95/58 pH: 7.1 Odor: "fruity acetone" HR: 110 bpm Glucose: 345 mg/dl pH: 4.3 Ketone bodies: 22 mg/dl Glucose: Strongly positive Blood alcohol: 110 mg/dl 4. Explain how the pH of Mr. Bouchard's blood and urine is related to the ketone bodies measured in each of these fluids. 5. Provide a possible "alternative" explanation for Mr. Bouchard's erratic behavior and high blood alcohol concentration. Think outside the box. 6. What metabolic disease do you suspect Mr. Bouchard suffers from?PROBLEM 12.27 (a) Use Table 12.5 to calculate the osmotic pressure of the hemodi- alysis solution at 25 °C. (b) If the osmotic pressure of blood at 25 °C is 7.70 atm, what is the direction of solvent movement across the semipermeable mem brane in dialysis? (Blood to dialysis solution or dialysis solution to blood)