6. In an experiment, students used liver tissuc samples to study the cthanolmetabolism and the possibility of ethanol conversion into glucose. The ethanolintroduction in the investigated medium didn't lead to glucose level increase.Why is it impossible to convert ethanol to glucose? For the answer:a) provide a scheme of gluconcogenesis, indicate the substrates of this process;b) write the reaction of ethanol oxidation in the liver;c) explain whether it is possible to use the metabolites of ethanol catabolism forthe glucose synthesis.

The primary source of energy for the body is glucose, which is absorbed from meals in the intestine.…

Answered: 6. In an experiment, students used…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS: a) Metabolism b) Catabolism c) Anabolism Please explain this in-detailed and longer, thank you.
10) The glycerol phosphate shuttle functions in. A) Lipid catabolism C) Anaerobic glycolysis for the regeneration of NAD 8) Triglyceride synthesis D) Aerobic glycolysis to transport NAH equivalents resulting from glycolysis into mitochondria. 11) In muscles, the pyruvate is converted into lactate. Find the correct statement A) During lactate formation, NADH is reconverted into NAD B) During the product of lactate two AT are produced C) Lactate is the substrate from the downstream pathway D) Lactate acts as the substrate for the formation of amino acid 12) Which of the following regulates lipolysis in adipocytes A) Activation of fatty acid synthesis mediated by CAMP 8) Glycerol phosphorylation to prevent futile esterification of fatty acids C) Activation of triglyceride lipase as a result of hormone stimulated increases in cAMP levels D) Activation of cAMP production by Insulin 13) Glycolysis consists of three irreversible steps. Which of the following enzyme catalyzes the reaction are…
10. Glycogen, as the main storage form of glucosc, is an important energy reservoir. Describe the role of glycogen in providing the body with energy. To answer: a) write a scheme for glycogen mobilization, and oxidation of the end product to CO, and H,O; b) mark the reactions associated with ATP synthesis and ATP consumption in the scheme, calculate the oxidation energy yield of I mole of the final product resulting from glycogen breakdown; 1L An unconscious man with sions of alcobol poisonino was taken to the hosnital
In some tissues, glucose 6-phosphate is oxidized to pentose phosphates by the pentose phosphate pathway. a) Which tissues prefer this pathway and why? Explain in detail. b) Due to the fact that glucose 6-phosphate is also an intermediate for the glycolysis pathway, the regulation of glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway is very important. NADPH plays a crucial role in partitioning of glucose 6-phosphate between glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. Explain this role of NADPH in detail.
Describe how a) Mean Arterial Pressure, b) Maximal Oxygen Consumption, and c) Blood Flow are determined using its formula. In addition, you should explain what those factors are including cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, resistance, a-vO2 difference, etc. Describe how many ATPs can be generated by complete cycles of beta oxidation of free fatty acid with 20 carbons. You should indicate how many cycles of beta oxidation and Krebs cycle, and total number of products as well
there are A-D questions to this picture set up. A) What enzyme catalyzes this reaction? B) What is Delta G, please answer in Joules, K=19 C) If concentration of Glucose-1_Phosphate is 48.82 uM at equalibrium, what is the concentration of Glucose-6-phosphate in uM? D) If the reaction is NOT at equalibrium, what is delta G at 25C if the concentration of Glucose-1-phosphate is 15.04 uM and concentration of Glucose -6-phosphate is 1.62 mM? please answer in Joules and in significant figures. *note, 10^3uM in 1 mM Thank you!!
1. What citric acid cycle intermediate is produced from the 3 carbon propionyl-CoA product formed in the last round of fatty acid oxidation? Propionyl-CoA is formed in the fınal oxidation round of fatty acids with an odd # of carbons. a) oxaloacetate b) alpha-ketoglutarate c) citrate d) succinyl-CoA
a) What is the reason for the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?b) Which compound is converted into which compound in the step where sequential dehydration and hydration reactions occur in the citric acid cycle?c) Why is ammonia released in some tissues carried by binding to other molecules in the blood? Where is it transmitted in the body for its destruction? What molecule is it transferred onto there? So what molecule does it make?
15
The central metabolic pathways area) glycolysis and the TCA cycle only.b) glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway.c) glycolysis only.d) glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway only.e) the TCA cycle only.
5. During prolonged fasting, amino acids derived from muscle proteins and connective tissue become the main substrate for gluconcogenesis. How does glutamate enter the gluconeogenesis? For answer: a) write a reaction of the glutamate conversion into a-ketoglutarate, name the enzyme, indicate the encrgy effect of the reaction; b) draw a diagram for the a-ketoglutarate conversion to oxaloacetate and consequent including of OAA to gluconcogenesis, specify the reactions associated with ATP consumption; c) name the hormones that accelerate gluconeogenesis during fasting and regulatory enzymes of the process; and describe the mechanism of signal transduction by these hormones.
Q) You are following the metabolism of aspartate that is equally labeled on all 4 carbons. Following a transamination aspartate is converted into oxaloacetate. Assuming the resulting Oxaloacetate is used as the substrate for the TCA cycle answer the following questions: a) Describe ALL the oxaloacetate molecules that would result from the first turn of the TCA cycle. b) Briefly describe how there is still label detected on the carboxylic acids even though they were removed as CO2 during the first turn of the cycle. (2 sentences MAX)

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