14) When a muscle contracts anaerobically, more lactic acid is formed than when it contracts aerobically because A) oxygen inhibits fermentation of pyruvate to lactate Brunder anaerobic conditions, most pyruvate is fermented to ethanol C) under aerobic conditions, most pyruvate is oxidized to CO2 by the citric acid cycle D) glycolysis does not occur to a significant extent under aerobic conditions. E) it's been paralyzed by a 3000-fold excess of Botox

Q: Give one enzyme involved in any of the two oxidative decarboxylation step of the tricarboxylic acid…

A: TCA cycle: This is a chain of chemical reactions to release energy by oxidizing acetyl-CoA generated…

Q: Indicate whether the following statements are true or false:- a) The pentose phosphate pathway of…

A: The pentose phosphate (PPP) pathway is considered to be parallel to the pathway of glycolysis. This…

Q: can you explain the catalytic mechanism of pyruvate dehydrogenase (complex)

A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase is a multimeric protein involved in the glycolytic pathway of the cell which…

Q: Please choose the correct order for the glycolytic intermediates listed below. In any given answer,…

A: Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration in which glucose is broken down into two…

Q: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is thought to be exacerbated by a diet heavy in sugar. Explain?

A: Introduction :- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition in which excess fat…

Q: what is the key enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway also serving as the dirst enzyme of the…

A: The initial metabolite of the pentose phosphate pathway is glucose-6-phosphate, 2 NADP+, and H2O.…

Q: Why is the reaction catalyzed by citrate synthase considered a condensation reaction?

A: The citric acid cycle is the oxidation metabolic pathway that leads to the production of electrons…

Q: What is the simplest explanation in the notion that phosphofructokinase is a regulated enzyme?

A: Phosphofructokinase regulated by ATP, an ADp derivative called AMP, and citrate, as well as some…

Q: Why is acetyl CoA an especially appropriate activator for pyruvate carboxylase?

A: The citric acid cycle (TCA) is a catabolic process. It is a series of chemical reactions in which…

Q: Helicobacter pylori, which causes gastric ulcers, does not operate a citric acid cycle but contains…

A: Helicobacter pylori is the bacteria which causes gastric ulcers. In H.Pylori, conventional citric…

Q: please illustrate a fischer model of gluconeogenesis

A: introduction  Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway that converts non-carbohydrate sources, such as…

Q: The following are coenzymes or cofactors involved in enzymatic reactions. Identify the biochemical…

A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that increases the rate of biochemical reactions. Most enzymes are…

Q: Why does rubisco have such a low catalytic rate (that is, why is it so slow)?

A: Autotrophy is nothing but the ability to produce organic molecules using carbon. Autotrophs commonly…

Q: Explain the chemical change that occurs in converting kynurenine (a product of tryptophan…

A: Kynurenine is a metabolite of the amino acid tryptophan and used in the production of niacin.…

Q: Please explain the concept of a "feed-forward" mechanism and provide an example of this in the…

A: In a feed-forward activation, a metabolite produced early in the pathway activates the enzyme that…

Q: I need a simple explanation of what PFK1 and PFK2 do in glycolysis? And what FBPase1 and FBPase2 do…

A: Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate or lactate. Phosphofructokinase (PFK-1) is a…

Q: Select the following enzymes that utilize a mechanism involving covalent catalysis. Triose phosphate…

A: In covalent catalysis, the enzymes temporarily forms a covalent bond with the substrate, forming an…

Q: oxygen, the produ giyco об reaction. In this reaction, the products of glycolysis react with…

A: Glycolysis : It is the process in which one molecule of glucose is broken down to form two molecules…

Q: Give one three-carbon intermediate produced at the end of the energy- investment phase of…

A: Glycolysis is a cytoplasmic pathway that breaks down glucose into two three-carbon compounds by a…

Q: Order the following TCA cycle metabolites in the order they appear in the cycle. Not all answers…

A: TCA cycle is Tricarboxilic acid cycle . It is also known as Kerbs cycle or Citric acid cycle. This…

Q: Starting with lactate, explain how phosphoenolpyruvate is produced. Include reactions of essential…

A:

Q: In what condition and why is pyruvate converted to lactate?

A: Pyruvic acid is produced as a product of glycolysis, which is the anaerobic metabolism of glucose.…

Q: Seduheptulose is an intermediate in respiratory and photosynthetic pathways and plays a vital role…

A: a. The stable form of sugars like pentose and hexose sugars are five or six-atom rings and these…

Q: Give a detailed account of the tricarboxylic acid pathway and how it is regulated in eukaryotic…

A: The citric acid cycle (CAC), sometimes referred to as the Krebs cycle and the tricarboxylic acid…

Q: The citric acid cycle itself, which is composed of enzymatically catalyzed steps, can be thought of…

A: Citric acid cycle is also known as Krebs cycle or TCA cycle. This cycle occurs in the matrix of…

Q: DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS A. GLUCONEOGENESIS B. GLYCOLYSIS C. CITRIC ACID CYCLE

A: Since your question has multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first three sub-parts for you. If you…

Q: Why does pyruvate either form acoa or lactate? What are the conditions

A: The conversion of pyruvate depends on oxygen availability:1) Aerobic Conditions (With Oxygen):…

Q: Why is pyruvate not oxidized to CO2 and H2O underanaerobic conditions?

A: Cellular respiration occurs in 3 stages namely pyruvate oxidation, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and…

Q: Mercuric ion and methanol are inhibitors of alcohol dehydrogenase. Explain.

A: Alcohol (ADH) dehydrogenase is an enzyme that helps in the interconversion of alcohol into ketones…

Q: If radio-labeled C-2 of glucose is used for glycolysis and alcoholic fermentation, which carbon in…

A: Glycolysis It refers to the cytoplasmic pathway that converts glucose into three carbon-containing…

Q: Under anaerobic circumstances, why is pyruvate converted to lactate?

A: Anaerobic Glycolysis is the process of glucose oxidation that occurs when oxygen levels are low,…

Q: What is the effect of an increase in the levels of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) on glycolysis.…

A: Amid the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-diphosphoglycerate, which is the as it were…

Q: In different organisms, sucrose can be cleaved either by hydrolysis or by phosphorolysis. Calculate…

A: Glycolysis, with the subsequent development of adenosine triphosphate ( ATP), converts glucose into…

Q: Why is the lactic acid test done when sepsis is suspected?  Explain why the body produces excess…

A: During sepsis, the serum level of lactate rises above 2 millimoles/Litre.The serum lactate levels…

Q: To explain: How the pyruvate can be used to produce АТР.

A: Cellular respiration is a biological process that releases chemical energy from food and converts it…

Q: 1. The following reactions can be coupled in the citrate cycle. kJ/mol kJ/mol Succinyl-CoA GDP + Pi.…

A: The Krebs cycle also known as the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) or Citric acid cycle. This…

Q: What is glycolytic catabolism? Why is it also called anaerobic catabolism?

A: Every cell needs energy to carry out functions and the process of glycolysis provides energy in the…

Q: Pyruvate generated by glycolysis under anaerobic conditions is converted to lactate or ethanol. It…

A: Pyruvate, the end product of the glycolysis has two fates: fermentation (in the absence of oxygen)…

Q: About the process of industrial production of ethanol by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mark…

A: The industrial production of ethanol is done anaerobically by yeast. During the fermentation process…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.