20. The image above reveals two bacterial cells in the process of A. cell lysis B. transduction C. conjugation D. transformation D. transformation E. budding

Q: 23. Plasmids _________.   A. exist independently of the bacterial chromosome   B. are common in…

A: Bacterial genome can be chromosomal or extrachromosomal in nature.

Q: Conjugation refers

A: Asexual reproduction is a form of reproduction that involves the production of a new organism. This…

Q: The process by which one bacterial cell transfers DNA to another is:

A: Conjugation is a process of gene/DNA transfer between two bacterial cell that occurs when physical…

Q: Within prokaryotic organisms,. takes up DNA released by a donor cell that was lysed. is the process…

A: Horizontal gene transfer is a process of genetic recombination or sexual reproduction in prokaryotic…

Q: Although some viruses are complete after the assembly stage, othersdo not complete replication until…

A: Viruses are infectious agents with a very different organization as well as reproduction.

Q: What happens when T2 phages are grown with radioactive phosphorus? a. Their DNA becomes radioactive.…

A: T2 bacteriophages are the viruses that infect bacteria. They have double stranded DNA and have a…

Q: When a virus mistakenly picks up a segment of host bacterial DNA, packages it into a viral particle,…

A: There are many methods of DNA transfer in bacteria such as transduction, conjugation and…

Q: Which of the following characteristics is not common in prokaryotic cells?

A:

Q: . The DNA of a bacteria is contained where in the cell?a. in the nucleusb. in a region of the…

A: Bacteria belongs to kingdom monera and are unicellular prokaryotes.

Q: 84) The replication of hepatitis B virus involves the action of a. 3 enzymes, all from the cells b.…

A: * Hepatitis B is caused by hepatitis B virus which can be passed from person to person through blood…

Q: A. Instead of having a linear chromosome, bacteria have a circular chromosome. B. Organisms living…

A: "Since you have asked multiple questions, according to Bartleby's guidelines we are eligible to…

Q: Cell membrane proteins are determined by  A. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) B. Thin layer…

A: The biological membrane mainly consists of a lipid bilayer and protein. They form an essential…

Q: 27. Match the following three words to its correct definition.  a.) Transformation b.) Transduction…

A: The horizontal gene transfer is the process of transfer of DNA from one organisms to another without…

Q: Which of the following is not a factor that increases mutations?   A. replication errors   B.…

A: A mutation is a variation that happens in the DNA chain, due to errors during the DNA is duplicated…

Q: 35. The presence of a ribosomes in the cytoplasm is a characteristic of

A: Ribosomes are tiny organelles that are composed of 60% ribosomal RNA and 40% proteins. Ribosomes are…

Q: During the ________ phase, the cell accumulates building blocks and energy resources to copy its…

A: INTRODUCTION S phase This is the phase in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G1 and G2.

Q: 7. The scientist(s) who studied the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another was (were): A.…

A: Solution:- 7)Frederick Griffith: Bacterial transformation. In 1928, British bacteriologist Frederick…

Q: You mix a culture of killed ampicillin-resistant Staphylococcus bacteria with some live E. coli…

A: Recombination in bacteria: a. The term recombination refers to the exchange of genetic material…

Q: norder for a virus to replicate: O a. The host cell must lack a cell membrane O b. The genome must…

A: A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an…

Q: enzymes will form the m-RNA molecule?

A: The correct answer is option d). RNA polimerases II

Q: Conjugation involves which of the following: a. transfer of plasmids among bacteria  b. sexual…

A: Conjugation:Conjugation is the process of transferring genetic material from one bacteria to another…

Q: A virologist is trying to make a new antiretroviral drug to treat HIV. In order to do so with the…

A: Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) is an infectious disease which is affecting the immune system…

Q: OTPDI Ə g TITM d. The viral DNA will be rodioactive e. The viral proteins will be radioactive. 48.…

A: Introduction :-  Transfer RNA is an adapter molecule made up of RNA with a length of 76 to 90…

Q: 3. If genes for bacterial antibiotic resistance are spread via plasmids, which process is involved?…

A: Gene transfer refer to the movement of genetic information between organisms. Gene transfer can be…

Q: 26. Which of the following are TRUE for plasmid? It is a ring of single stranded DNA. It is found in…

A: Natural selection is the phenomenon in which an organism having heritable variation are selected and…

Q: Which of the following is NOT a method by which bacteria can be resistant to antibiotics? Select…

A: antibiotics are the substances produced by microbes to kill other microbes. Antibiotic resistance…

Q: The contents of a plaque may not always contain a clonal population of phage if: a. Identical…

A: Plaque:- phage infected bacterium usually burst and releases a number of daughter phages which…

Q: The primary advantage of conjugation is that ita. is the first step in the formation of a biofilm.b.…

A: Answer is option d .)provides a mechanism by which bacteria avoid being infected withviruses.

Q: 1.a How does a cell recognize which strand is the sense strand? b. How does the RNA polymerase…

A: One of the important process in central dogma. It is a process of making a RNA copy using DNA; it is…

Q: Pathogenic bacteria such as Mycobacterium tubercuosis tend to become resistant to antibiotics used…

A: Drug resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is caused by spontaneous gene mutations in M.…

Q: 1. A new drug was developed to inhibit RNA transcription of a new strain of bacteria infected in…

A: Enzymes are highly specialized proteins that have extraordinary catalytic power, greater than that…

Q: In prokaryotic cells, mRNA is translated as soon as it is transcribed because prokaryotes have...…

A: The  major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell is the  absence of membrane bound…

Q: Which

A: CONJUGATION:-  Is the process by which one bacterium transfer genetic material to another through…

Q: The function of reverse transcriptase is toa. copy RNA into DNA.b. copy DNA into RNA.c. translate…

A: Retrovirus is a group of viruses that belong to the family Retroviridae and they have the RNA as…

Q: One cell transfers a plasmid to another by_______ . a. binary fission c. conjugation b.…

A: A plasmid is a tiny extrachromosomal DNA molecule that can replicate independently of chromosomal…

Q: In the TCA cycle, the enzyme aconitase is responsible for a. assembly b. polymerization c.…

A: In aerobic condition, pyruvate in the presence of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex produces Acetyl…

Q: Rolling circle replication is important for: plaese explain why you chooice the answer  a. A.…

A: A method of unidirectional nucleic acid replication called rolling circle replication (RCR) can…

Q: 1. What is a mutation? A. the specific sequence of bases in a molecule of DNA B. a change in the…

A: A mutation arise spontaneously at low frequency owing to chemical instability of purine and…

Q: During transduction via phage P1,a. any small fragment of the bacterial chromosome may betransferred…

A: The genetic material of bacteria deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is transferred to another bacterium…

Q: For 'transformation' to occur in bacterial cells, certain conditions must be satisfied. Check all…

A: The conditions which must be satisfied for transformation in the bacterial cells are :  B)  high…

Q: Explain the importance of the following features in conjugating donor bacteria:  a. the origin of…

A: Hi, since there are multiple questions posted we will provide you with answers for the first three…

Q: e. coli is commonly found in the human Microbiome. while most strains are harmless some can cause…

A: E. coli, also referred to as Escherichia coli, is a type of bacteria that is prevalent in the human…

Q: dsDNA viruses can have more genetic material than SSRNA viruses because: a. RNA catalyzes its own…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a hereditary molecule that passes genetic information from one…

Q: In E. coli, DNA replication is:   a. started from several origins   b. unidirectional   c.…

A: In Escherichia coli, DNA replication starts at the replication origin (oriC) and progresses in both…

Q: 1. In his transformation experiments, what did Griffith observe?   a. Mixing a heat-killed…

A: Griffith's experiment, reported in 1928 by Frederick Griffith, was the first experiment suggesting…

Genetic Recombination

Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.

Microbial Genetics

Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.