2.Pharmacodynamics: Drug Receptors subserve two essential functions: (1) recognition of the specific ligand molecule (2) transduction of the signal into a response. Accordingly, the receptor molecule has a ligand binding domain (spatially and energetically suitable for binding the specific ligand) and an effector domain which undergoes a functional conformational change. These domains have now actually been identified in some receptors. The perturbation in the receptor molecule is variously translated into the response. Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of transducer mechanisms which in most instances have been found to be highly complex multistep processes that provide for amplification and integration of concurrently received extra- and intracellular signals at each step. Because only a handful of transducer pathways are shared by a large number of receptors, the cell is able to generate an integrated response reflecting the sum total of diverse signal input. The transducer mechanisms can be grouped into 4 major categories. (1) Describe each of these basic types of receptors and signaling mechanisms – diagrams are essential here; (2) Name a drug that acts on each type of receptor and describe how it acts.
2.Pharmacodynamics: Drug Receptors subserve two essential functions: (1) recognition of the specific
ligand molecule (2) transduction of the signal into a response. Accordingly, the receptor molecule has a
ligand binding domain (spatially and energetically suitable for binding the specific ligand) and an effector
domain which undergoes a functional conformational change. These domains have now actually been
identified in some receptors. The perturbation in the receptor molecule is variously translated into the
response. Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of transducer mechanisms which
in most instances have been found to be highly complex multistep processes that provide for amplification
and integration of concurrently received extra- and intracellular signals at each step. Because only a
handful of transducer pathways are shared by a large number of receptors, the cell is able to generate an
integrated response reflecting the sum total of diverse signal input. The transducer mechanisms can be
grouped into 4 major categories. (1) Describe each of these basic types of receptors and signaling
mechanisms – diagrams are essential here; (2) Name a drug that acts on each type of receptor and
describe how it acts.
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