19. Which of the following statement about vectors are true? a. Vectors can be linear or circular b. Vector act as a vehicle to carry foreign DNA to the host cell c. Plasmids and A phages are two commonly used vectors d. YACS and BACS can be used to insert larger DNA fragments e. All of above are true
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- 20. Which of the following are characteristics of bacterial plasmids? a. Useful cloning vectors b. DNA molecules that are linear c. Self-replicating, extrachromosomal DNA molecules d. Closed circular structure e. They have all of the bacterium's genetic informationWhich of the following is not correct for bacterial conjugation? a. Both Hfr and F+ bacteria have the ability to code for a sex pilus. b. After an F- cell has conjugated with an F+, its plasmid holds the F+ factor. c. The recipient cell is Hfr following conjugation. d. In an HfrF- conjugation, DNA of the main chromosomemoves to a recipient cell. e. Genes on the F factor encode proteins of the sex pilus.6. During penetration of E. coli by a bacteriophage lysozyme is used to allow entry of the bacteriophage capsid and nucleic acid the tail acts as a hypodermic needle, injecting the bacteriophage DNA into the cell the tail fibers would bore a hole in the cell wall the virus would also bind to Sa e. E. coli would attempt to protect itself by synthesizing enzymes that degrade bacteriophage RNA 7. Penicillin-binding proteins can be bound by beta-lactam drugs in the cell b. alter the beta-lactam ring c. are involved in cell wall synthesis d. are synthesized by eukaryotic cells .a&c 8. As we discussed in class, basophils are white blood cells, and one of their roles in the host immune response is to release histamine. Based on this information, please answer the following question. Which of the following processes or cells will be affected as a result of your patient having basopenia, which is a low number of basophils? The production of C3A The production of CSA The production of pus The…
- . A second feature that virtually all plasmid vectors havein common is the selectable marker. Explain what this isand why it is such an important feature.18. Restriction endonucleases can break a. Hydrogen bonds only b. Covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds c. Covalent bonds and ionic bonds d. Hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds e. Covalent bonds only 19. The relationship between plasmids and bacteria is said to be endosymbiotic. This is because a. the plasmids exist on the surface of the bacterium b. the bacterium exists within the plasmid c. the bacterium is helped by the relationship, but the plasmid suffers d. the plasmid exists within the bacterium and the relationship of bacterium and plasmid is mutually beneficial e. the plasmid produces nutrients, which are used by the bacterium 20. During the polymerase chain reaction, heat is used to a. Break hydrogen bonds b. Break covalent bonds c. Accelerate chemical processes d. Anneal DNA primers to single-stranded DNA e. Allow the synthesis of new DNA strands in the 5' to 3' direction from the primers8. To observe bacteriophage in a lab, you would plate dilutions of the phage onto lawns of bacte- ria and observe the formation of after incubation. Hint: Specific name only.
- 1/ Why is Thermus aquaticus so useful: O t is necessary for the mass production of bacteria containing a plasmid with an inserted gene O It is used in automated DNA sequencing O It facilitates the polymerase chain reaction O It is used to create recombinant plasmids1. Lytic phages lyse their host cells, whereas temperate phages either lyse their host or integrate their DNA into the host cell’s genome. Prophage DNA often codes for gene products that confer new properties on the host. Filamentous single-stranded DNA phages are extruded from the host cells without killing the cell. How can a productive phage infection not kill a host cell?1. Describe a certain species to use to for recombiant plasmids and explain what recombinant plasmids will do?
- 16. Alu elements in the human genomes are examples of:A. SINE elementsB. LINE elementsC. Autonomous transposable elementsD. Composite transposonsE. Noncomposite transposons 17. The pol gene of a typical retrovirus encodes:A. A reverse transcriptaseB. A DNA polymeraseC. An integrationD. A proteaseE. All but one of the above4. Complete the table below. CONJUGATION TRANSFORMATION TRANSDUCTION DEFINITION PROPONENTS/DISCOVERER MECHANISM OF DNA ΕΝTRY ΤΟ ΤHE RECIPIENT BACTERIAL CELL REQUIERMENT OF A VIRAL HOST PLASMID TRANSFER VIRAL LIFE CYCLE INVOLVED ACQUIRING ΑΝΤΙΒΙΟTIC RESISTANCE4. Describe how plasmids conferring multidrug resistanceto bacteria may have evolved.