1) Which of the following apply(ies) to Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis? Choose all that apply: a) B. anthracis forms spores while B. cereus does not b) B. cereus is more lethal when it causes an infection c) B. anthracis has extra-chromosomal DNA that makes it more pathogenic d) Despite their similar names, the two are actually not at all related e) The 16S rRNA gene sequences of these bacteria are more than 99% identical, meaning that they are actually members of the same species

Match the following examples to the appropriate type of symbiosis.   - A microbe that lives inside the large intestine of a human, getting food from its host and protecting the host from disease a) Not a symbiosis b)parasitism c)commensalism d) mutualism                                                                              -An insect that builds protected nests in trees, but does not help or damage the tree a) Not a symbiosis b)parasitism c)commensalism d) mutualism                                                                            -A lamprey that attaches to other fish and sucks their blood throughout their life a) Not a symbiosis b)parasitism c)commensalism d) mutualism                                                                            - A robin that eats worms out of the ground a) Not a symbiosis b)parasitism c)commensalism d) mutualism

The antibiotic susceptibility testing results of Staphylococcus showed zones of inhibition (absence of growth on zones) around discs of Penicilin, Teracycline, chloramphenicol, this means that  a) S. aueres is resistant to all these antibiotics. b) S. aueres is susceptible to all these antibiotics. c) susceptible to only a couple of them d) neither are the correct choices

Which of the following statements regarding retroviruses is FALSE? A)  a cellular enzyme converts the RNA genome into DNA B)  double-stranded DNA is transcribed into mRNA by cellular enzymes C)  retroviral genomes consist of positive-sense RNA D)  the virus commonly integrates into the host chromosome as a provirus E)  viral RNA enters the nucleus F)  ALL of these statements are TRUE

The induced clones are developed by ________ into the host cell.a) Nuclear transfer b) Gene transfer c) Cell transfer d) Antigen transfer

If you and your family all develop infectious diarrhea, the most likely portal of entry for the pathogen was thea) large intestine.     b) mouth.     c) skin.d) respiratory tract.  e) nose.

Maargerines made from plant oils are healthier, since they are hydrogenated for spreadability? A)True B)false

5

1. Which of the following bacterial species is not naturally competent? A) Bacillus subtilis В) Наеторhilus influenzae C) Escherichia coli D) Streptococcus рпеuтoniae 2. Bacterial species which are not naturally competent can be made competent in the laboratory by using a combination of metal ions and temperature changes. A) true B) false 3. If 10 ng of plasmid DNA yielded 10,000 transformants per milliliter (mL), the transformation efficiency is: A) 105 В) 105 C) 107 D) 105 4. Under optimal conditions, all the bacterial cells in a sample can be transformed. A) true B) false 5. The plasmid called pGal, carries a gene encoding the enzyme beta-galactosidase. What is the natural function of this enzyme? A) It protects cells from a specific type of antibiotic. B) It hydrolyzes the disaccharide lactose. C) It is involved in plasmid replication. D) It is necessary for transformation. 6. The pGal plasmid also carries a gene designated as amp". What is the function of this gene? A) It protects…

Grisofulvin is an antifungal agent that affects: select the correct answer.  a) the chitin cell wall structure  b) ergosterol in the cell membrane c) the formation of the mitotic spindle in mitosis  d) the 50s ribosomal subunit and thus protein synthesis e) mRNA synthesis