13. Most defective transposons that are nonautonomous: A. Lack the inverted terminal repeats B. Lack the direct terminal repeats C. Lack antibiotic resistance genes D. Lack the resolvase gene E. Lack the transposase gene

4. Using the information in problem 3, make another plot showing how DX and DP (rates of production of cells and product) vary with D (on the same graph), covering the same range of dilution rates in problem 3. 5. Genetics & Gene Control A. Explain the difference between a DNA strand, a chromosome and a gene. B. Would a cell with a deletion or a point mutation be more likely to revert back to the original phenotype? Why? C. Define feedback repression. On a basic level, how does this work in a cell?

26. Transposons moving by "DNA only" mechanisms use _______, while transposons moving using an "RNA-mediated" mechanism use _____.  a. SNPs, transposase b. transposase, SNPs c. SRPs, reverse transcriptase  d. transposase, reverse transcriptase  e. reverse transcriptase, SNPs

3. Bacteria are normally haploid organisms (1 copy of the genome), however it is possible to introduce a plasmid into the bacteria to create a pseudo-diploid situation. Here we have introduced a plasmid that carries the lac operon. Based on the following genotypes, predict the state of the beta-glactosidase enzyme (lac Z) in each of the following situations. I- = a mutation in the repressor protein that cannot bind to the operator Is = a mutation in the repressor protein that cannot be removed from the operator Oc = a mutation in the operator that cannot bind the repressor Z` = a mutation in beta-galactosidase that makes the enzyme non-functional Chromosome Lactose Present I, Z, O I, Z, O I. Z-.O I-,Z,O IS,Z-,Oc, Plasmid I, Z, O I, Z, O I, Z, Oc I,Z,O I,Z,O Yes No No Yes Yes Functional enzyme (yes/no) Phenotype (inducible constitutive, repressed constitutive regressed

6. List the main similarities and differences between transposons, retrotransposons, group II introns, and retroviruses. Transposons Retrotransposons Group II introns Retroviruses

20. Genome imprinting can be the result of silencing genes by methylation of promoter DNA sequences. Which of the following is true? A. They directly inhibit RNA transcription. B. They directly inhibit protein translation. C. They directly inhibit nuclear pore transport. D. They directly inhibit ribosome assembly E. They reduce protein stability.