1. Consider a linear regression model y = XB+ewith E(e) = 0. The bias of the ridge estimator of 3 obtained by minimizing Q(B) = (y – Xß)¹ (y — Xß) +r(BTB), for some r > 0, is - ² (X²X + r)-¹B = (X²X + r)-¹² B T −r(X¹X +rI)¯¹ß r(X¹X +rI)¯¹ß
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- Consider the output here from a regression in R. What is 3₂? Coefficients: Estimate (Intercept) 1.708 5.404 -1.478 9.531 X1 X2 X3 Std. Error 0.555 2.792 0.6 2.758As an auto insurance risk analyst, it is your job to research risk profiles for various types of drivers. One common area of concern for auto insurance companies is the risk involved when offering policies to younger, less experienced drivers. The U.S. Department of Transportation recently conducted a study in which it analyzed the relationship between 1) the number of fatal accidents per 1000 licenses, and 2) the percentage of licensed drivers under the age of 21 in a sample of 42 cities. Your first step in the analysis is to construct a scatterplot of the data. FIGURE. SCATTERPLOT FOR U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORATION PROBLEM U.S. Department of Transportation The Relationship Between Fatal Accident Frequency and Driver Age 4.5 3.5 3 2.5 1.5 1 0.5 6. 10 12 14 16 18 Percentage of drivers under age 21 Upon visual inspection, you determine that the variables do have a linear relationship. After a linear pattern has been established visually, you now proceed with performing linear…The regression equation Netincome = 2,049 +.0478 Revenue was estimated from a sample of 100 leading world companies (variables are in millions of dollars). (0-1) If Revenue = 1, then Netincome = (a-2) Choose the correct statement. (b) Choose the right option. (c) O Increasing the revenue raises the net income. Decreasing the revenue raises the net income. O Increasing the revenue lowers the net income. million. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) O The intercept is not meaningful because a firm cannot have net income when revenue is zero. The intercept is meaningful because a firm can have net income when revenue is zero. If Revenue = 24,574, then NetIncome = million. (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)
- You estimated a regression with the following output. Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 289 -------------+---------------------------------- F(1, 287) = 41986.64 Model | 664544048 1 664544048 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 4542496.25 287 15827.5131 R-squared = 0.9932 -------------+---------------------------------- Adj R-squared = 0.9932 Total | 669086544 288 2323217.17 Root MSE = 125.81 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Y | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- X | 43.81013 .2138056 204.91 0.000 43.38931 44.23096 _cons | 49.31707 16.96222 2.91 0.004 15.93094 82.70319…5. The following estimated equation was obtained by OLS regression using quarterly data for 1978 to 1996 inclusive. Yt = 2.20+ 0.104Xt₁ - 3.48 Xt₂ + 0.34Xt3 (3.4) (0.005) (2.2) (0.15) Standard errors are in parentheses, the explained sum of squares was 109.6, and the residual sum of squares 18.48. a. Test at the 5% level for the statistical significance of the parameter estimates. b. Calculate the coefficient of determination.A forecaster used the regression equation Qt= a + bt+q₁D₁ + C2D2 + c3D3 and quarterly sales data for 2004/-2021/V (t = 1, ..., 64) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and D1, D₂ and D3 are dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III. DEPENDENT VARIABLE: QT R-SQUARE OBSERVATIONS: 64 0.8768 VARIABLE INTERCEPT T D1 D2 D3 F-RATIO P-VALUE ON F 107.982 0.0001 PARAMETER STANDARD ESTIMATE 30.0 1.5 10.0 25.0 40.0 ERROR T-RATIO P-VALUE 2.34 0.0224 2.14 0.0362 3.33 0.0015 3.47 0.0010 2.53 0.0140 12.80 0.70 3.00 7.20 15.80 In any given year, quarterly sales tend to vary as follows:
- Q4. The Omantel firm has estimate the Sales of fibre internet connections in Oman with the related to advertising expenditure made by the company over the past 26 months. Following is the firm estimated results of the regression equation. DEPENDENT VARIABLE: Y R-SQUARE F-RATIO P-VALUE ON F OBSERVATIONS: 26 0.85121212 8.747 0.0187 PARAMETER STANDARD VARIABLE ESTIMATE ERROR T-RATIO P-VALUE INTERCEPT 7.6 6.33232 1.200 0.2643969 3.53 0.52228 ? 0.0001428 a. What is the dependent and independent variables in the above regression equation of Omantel firm? b. Calculate the estimated t-ratio. Test the slope estimates for statistical significance at the 10 percent significance level. d. Interpret the coefficient of determination.Regression analysis was applied between $ sales (y) and $ advertising (r) across all the branches of a major international corporation. The following regression function was obtained. ŷ = 5000 + 7.25r (a) Predict the amount for sales where the advertising amount is $ 1,000,000.00. (b) If the advertising budgets of two branches of the corporation differ by $30,000, then what will be the predicted difference in their sales?Water is being poured into a large, cone-shaped cistern. The volume of water, measured in cm³, is reported at different time intervals, measured in seconds. A regression analysis was completed and is displayed in the computer output. Regression Analysis: cuberoot (Volume) versus Time Predictor Coef SE Coef Constant -0.006 0.00017 -35.294 0.000 Time 0.640 0.000018 35512.6 0.000 s=0.030 R-Sq=1.000 R-sq (adj)=1.000 What is the equation of the least-squares regression line? Volume = 0.640 - 0.006(Time) Volume = 0.640 - 0.006(Time) Volume = -0.006 + 0.640(Time) Volume = - 0.006 + 0.640(Time?)
- OA linear regression model is Units 3,414-0.839xWeek. For week 45, what is the forecast for the number of units? Round your answer to the nearest whole number. OO unitsDescribe the important characteristics of the variance of a conditional distribution of an error term in a linear regression. What are the implicationsfor OLS estimation?The table to the right contains price-demand and total cost data for the production of projectors, where p is the wholesale price (in dollars) of a projector for an annual demand of x projectors and C is the total cost (in dollars) of producing x projectors. Answer the following questions (A) - (D). (A) Find a quadratic regression equation for the price-demand data, using x as the independent variable. X 270 360 520 780 The fixed costs are $. (Round to the nearest dollar as needed.) ITTI y = (Type an expression using x as the variable. Use integers or decimals for any numbers in the expression. Round to two decimal places as needed.) Use the linear regression equation found in the previous step to estimate the fixed costs and variable costs per projector. The variable costs are $ per projector. (Round to the nearest dollar as needed.) (C) Find the break even points. The break even points are (Type ordered pairs. Use a comma to separate answers as needed. Round to the nearest integer as…