AEROSPACE ENGINEERING-5528-Handout

Chlorine dioxide reacts in basic water to form chlorite and chlorate according to the following chemical equation: 2C1O₂(aq) + 2OH(aq) → CIO₂ (aq) + CIO3(aq) + H₂O(1) Under a certain set of conditions, the initial rate of disappearance of chlorine dioxide was determined to be 2.30 x 10-1 M/s. What is the initial rate of appearance of chlorite ion under those same conditions? O 5.75 x 10-2 M/s O 1.15 x 10-¹ M/s O 2.30 x 10-1 M/s O 4.60 x 10-¹ M/s O 9.20 x 10-1 M/s

Determine whether the following statements are true or false, and explain your answer in one sentence. a) The rate law for an overall reaction 2A (g) -> B (g) is: Rate = k[A]^2 b) The rate law for an elementary step 2A (g) -> B (g) is: Rate = k[A]^2 c) The rate of an overal reaction is the rate of the slowest elementary step within its mechanism.

Chlorine dioxide reacts in basic water to form chlorite and chlorate according to the following chemical equation: 2C1O₂(aq) + 2OH (aq)- ClO₂ (aq) + CIO, (aq) + H₂O(1) Under a certain set of conditions, the initial rate of disappearance of chlorine dioxide was determined to be 2.30 x 10 M/s. What is the initial rate of appearance of chlorite ion under those same conditions? 5.75 x 10-² M/s 4.60 x 10-¹ M/s A B 1.15 x 10-¹ M/s 2.30 x 10-¹ M/s E 9.20 x 10-¹ M/s

Chlorine dioxide reacts in basic water to form chlorite and chlorate according to the following chemical equation: 2ClO2(aq) + 2OH–(aq) ClO2–(aq) + ClO3–(aq) + H2O(l). Under a certain set of conditions, the initial rate of disappearance of chlorine dioxide was determined to be 2.30 x 10–1 M/s. What is the initial rate of appearance of chlorite ion under those same conditions?

List two types of chemical compounds that must be present in the air for photochemical smog to form.What are the most common sources of these compounds?

Chlorine dioxide reacts in basic water to form chlorite and chlorate according to the following chemical equation: 2C1O₂ (aq) + 2OH (aq) - ClO₂ (aq) + CIO, (aq)+ H₂O(l) Under a certain set of conditions, the initial rate of disappearance of chlorine dioxide was determined to be 2.30 x 10 M/s. What is the initial rate of appearance of chlorite ion under those same conditions? 5.75 x 10-² M/s 4.60 x 10-¹ M/s A B 1.15 x 10-¹ M/s 2.30 x 10-¹ M/s E 9.20 x 10-¹ M/s

Just as the depletion of stratospheric ozone threatens life on Earth today, its accumulation was one of the crucial processes that allowed life to develop in prehistoric times: 3O2(g)→2O3(g) At a given instant, the reaction rate in terms of [O2] is 2.17×10−5 mol/L·s. What is it in terms of [O3]? Enter your answer in scientific notation.

Scientists can determine the age of ancient objects by the method of radiocarbon dating. The bombardment of the upper atmosphere by cosmic rays converts nitrogen to a radioactive isotope of carbon, 14C, with a half-life of about 5,730 years. Vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide through the atmosphere, and animal life assimilates 14C through food chains. When a plant or animal dies, it stops replacing its carbon, and the amount of 14C present begins to decrease through radioactive decay. Therefore, the level of radioactivity must also decay exponentially. Dinosaur fossils are too old to be reliably dated using carbon-14. Suppose we had a 66 million year old dinosaur fossil. What percent of the living dinosaur's 14C would be remaining today? (Round your answer to five decimal places.) 0.0000007537 X % Suppose the minimum detectable amount is 0.2%. What is the maximum age (in years) of a fossil that we could date using 14C? (Round your answer to the nearest year.) yr

Scientists can determine the age of ancient objects by the method of radiocarbon dating. The bombardment of the upper atmosphere by cosmic rays converts nitrogen to a radioactive isotope of carbon, 14C, with a half-life of about 5,730 years. Vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide through the atmosphere, and animal life assimilates 14C through food chains. When a plant or animal dies, it stops replacing its carbon, and the amount of 14C present begins to decrease through radioactive decay. Therefore, the level of radioactivity must also decay exponentially.   a) Dinosaur fossils are too old to be reliably dated using carbon-14. Suppose we had a 67 million year old dinosaur fossil. What percent of the living dinosaur's 14C would be remaining today? (Round your answer to five decimal places.)   b) Suppose the minimum detectable amount is 0.7%. What is the maximum age (in years) of a fossil that we could date using 14C? (Round your answer to the nearest year.)

Scientists can determine the age of ancient objects by the method of radiocarbon dating. The bombardment of the upper atmosphere by cosmic rays converts nitrogen to a radioactive isotope of carbon, 14C, with a half-life of about 5,730 years. Vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide through the atmosphere, and animal life assimilates 14C through food chains. When a plant or animal dies, it stops replacing its carbon, and the amount of 14C present begins to decrease through radioactive decay. Therefore, the level of radioactivity must also decay exponentially. Dinosaur fossils are often dated by using an element other than carbon, like potassium-40, that has a longer half-life (in this case, approximately 1.25 billion years). Suppose the minimum detectable mass is 0.4% and a dinosaur is dated with 40K to be 67 million years old. Is such a dating possible? What is the maximum age (in millions of years) of a fossil that could be dated using 40K? (Round your answer to one decimal place.) (Can you…

DDT (molar mass = This ban was brought about due to the persistence of DDT in many different ecosystems, leading to high accumulations of the substance in many birds of prey. The insecticide was shown to cause a thinning of egg shells, pushing many birds towards extinction. If a 20-L drum of DDT was spilled into a pond, resulting in a DDT concentration of 354.49 g/mol) was a widely used insecticide that was banned from use in the United States in 1973. 8.66 x 10-5 M, how long would it take for the levels of DDT to reach a concentration of 1.41 x 10-7 M (a level that is generally assumed safe in mammals)? Assume the decomposition of DDT is a first-order process with a half-life of 56.0 days. Time =|| days

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Part a. Calculate the rate of change of CFC-12 (a chlorofluorocarbon gas) in the atmosphere between 1980 and 1990. Be sure to include a unit in your answer. Part b. What happens to the rate of change after 1990? Suggest a reason for the change in rate.

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The rate law for the reaction A + B → C was found to be rate = k[A][B]. One experimental trial with the [A] = 0.26 M and (B] = 0.13 M had an initial rate of product formation of 0.36 M/s. What is the value of the rate constant for this reaction? Enter your answer as 0.0035 with no units. Use 2 significant digits. Answer:

A 20-mm cube of copper metal is placed in 250 mL of 12 M nitric acid at 25°C and the reaction below occurs: Cu(s) + 4H+ (aq) + 2NO3(aq) -> Cu²+ (aq) + 2NO2(g) + 2H₂O(1) At a particular instant in time, nitrogen dioxide is being produced at the rate of 4.4 x 10-4 M/min. At this same instant, what is the rate at which hydrogen ions are being consumed in M/min? Do not write unit in answer. Report your answer with five places past the decimal point. Type your answer...

A chemical is sprayed onto a lawn at a rate of 0.90 kg active ingredient per hectare. The chemical has a half-life of 30 days at 20C. A storm event occurs 15 days after application and causes 3.5% of the material present in the 25 hectare field to be lost (total losses). If average temperatures during the 15-day period were 17C, how much material (mass) was lost during the storm?

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What is the role of carbon dioxide in air in Fresco Painting? What type of catalytic mechanism (heterogenous or homogenous) exist in Fresco painting? Why?

DDT (molar mass = 354.49 g/mol) was a widely used insecticide that was banned from use in the United States in 1973. This ban was brought about due to the persistence of DDT in many different ecosystems, leading to high accumulations of the substance in many birds of prey. The insecticide was shown to cause a thinning of egg shells, pushing many birds towards extinction. If a 20-L drum of DDT was spilled into a pond, resulting in a DDT concentration of 8.9 x10^-5 M, how long would it take for the levels of DDT to reach a concentration of 1.41x10^-7  M (a level that is generally assumed safe in mammals)? Assume the decomposition of DDT is a first-order process with a half-life of 56.0 days.

A group of students enrolled in a Physical Chemistry Laboratory class performed an experiment on the THE STUDY OF AN ADSORPTION ISOTHERM: ACETIC ACID SOLUTIONS ON ACTIVATEDCARBON. The data gathered by the group are documented in the tables below. Solve for the unknown data.   answer 1,2,3