Concept explainers
Interpretation: The relationship between given two structures needs to be explained.
Concept Introduction: The possible relationship between two structures depends on the molecular formula and structural arrangement of atoms in the molecules.
The possible relations are as follows:
Identical: Two molecular structures are identical if they have same molecular formula as well as same arrangement of atoms. The bonding substituent and their positions are same in the identical molecules.
Conformers: Two molecules are said to be conformer if they have different orientation of atoms by rotation around a single bond. They are also known as conformational isomer. For example, eclipse and staggered conformation.
Configurational isomer: They cannot be converted into one another due to the rotation around a single bond. For example, geometric and optical isomers. They can be interconverted after breaking of old bonds and making of new bonds.
Constitutional isomer: They are also known as structural isomers. They have same molecular formula, but the bonding of groups is different. For example, n-pentane and isopentane.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 7 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
- 9. Build a model of CH2BrCl. Next, build a model of the mirror image of your first molecule. How are these models related?arrow_forwardFigure 7-3 애arrow_forwardRead This! The attractive and repulsive forces in an atom are rather complex. An electron is attracted to the protons in the nucleus, but it is also repelled by the other electrons in the atom. It is important to note however that the attractive force of the nucleus is NOT divided up among the electrons in the atom. Each electron gets approximately the full attractive force of the nucleus (minus the repulsive effects of other electrons). Compare the diagram below to set D in Model 3. Notice the similarity in attractive force. 0.10 nm 0.10 nm approx. 4.60 x 10-8 (on each electron) Model 4 – Period 3 Elements Aluminum Chlorine Sodium What does it MEAN? What do you WONDER? What do you SEE?arrow_forward
- 6. (a) In structure 3 of Model 2, the double bond electrons move to form a lone pair on oxygen. The arrow below shows the double bond electrons moving to form a lone pair on carbon. Draw the resulting resonance form (make sure to put in charges). HC :O: CH₂ 3 (b) Although this form is possible, it is not likely. As a group, discuss why the lone pair is more likely to reside on oxygen than on carbon. 7. Follow the resonance structure guidelines developed in question #4 above. For each pair below, determine whether the resonance structure on the right is an acceptable resonance structure of the form on the left. Place an X through any incorrect structures on the right of each pair, and indicate which of the items listed in question 4 were not followed. Once everyone in your group agrees, draw a correct resonance form. :0 [R-1 H H 4 H H CH₂ CH₂ |- N POGIL www.FOOIL.ORGarrow_forwardList the name and position for each substituent in this organic molecule on a separate row of the table below: Your answer for the name column should be just one word. In the position column, write the number of the carbon where the substituent is attached to the parent ring (which has been highlighted for you). Note for advanced students: You may assume that the parent ring is numbered in a counter-clockwise fashion with position #1 at the top of this molecule. You can add more rows to the table if you need them. Add Row name B position 0 Garrow_forwardBuild the following molecule with your model set and take a photo of a side view of your model in which the dihedral angle of C1-1 and C2-1 (where I is iodine) are 0 degrees. & 8 # H H Looking at C1 with C2 behind C1, complete the Newman Projection diagrams. The angles are defined as the dihedral angle between C1-1 and C2-1. 0° HI!!!!!! +2411111H 60° 120⁰ 180°arrow_forward
- 10. Build a model of CHBRCIF. Next, build a model of the mirror image of your first molecule. How are these molecules related?arrow_forwardThere are several aromatic compounds with the formula CgH9Cl. Draw those that have a disubstituted ring where the chlorine is attached to the ring. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. • Separate structures with + signs from the drop-down menu.arrow_forward15. a. Draw two constitutional isomers with the formula CaHsBrCl ( Isomer 1 Isomer 2 b. Describe ALL the intermolecular forces isomer 1 can participate in 16. For the molecule below, OH (a) Circle all functional groups present. (b) Label two of the functional groups next to where you circled them 3arrow_forward
- 1. Ranking questions. For each question write the numerical rank in the box below each structure. a) Rank by relative energy. Use a "1" for the highest energy, followed by a "2", then a "3", and a "4" for the lowest energy.arrow_forward7. Connection to Biology. 'Natural products' are organic molecules made by different organisms. They can be used as flavors, dyes, and even therapeutics. In the following natural products: a. Circle any conjugated multiple bonds. If none are present, write 'none' next to the structure. a) b) Vitamin A OH Vitamin A HO,.. OH b. Circle any isolated multiple bonds. If none are present, write 'none' next to the structure. a) b) Vitamin D cale HO,,. Ill Vitamin Darrow_forward8. If a resonance structure must have a negative formal charge, that charge is most stable on an electronegative atom. Draw all relevant resonance structures of the molecule below with curved arrows only using pattern 1. Circle the most stable structure(s). Explain the choice of most stable structure with 1-3 complete sentences.arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning