Evolutionary Analysis (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321616678
Author: Jon C. Herron, Scott Freeman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 7Q
Assuming the four living species in Figure 4.38 evolved from their common ancestor without convergence or reversal, reconstruct their evolutionary relationships and label the transitions. Which evolved first: stripes, or spiky back fins? How do you know?
Figure 4.38 Four fish and their common ancestor
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Assume that the four living box turtle species on the right in the figure below evolved from their
common ancestor on the left without convergence or reversal. Reconstruct their evolutionary
relationships and label all seven character transitions. Which evolved first: yellow plastron
(bottom shell) or blue chin strap? Carapace spots or no tail?
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Transitional species are species important in helping scientists determine the evolutionary path that species have taken over long periods of time.
Lobe-finned fishes are the ancestors of amphibians and have fossils that are found in rocks that are at least 380 million years old. Fossils of the oldest amphibian-like vertebrate animals with true legs and lungs are found in rocks that are approximately 363 million years old.
Paleontologists have found a sample of rock that is approximately 370 million years old which contains what seems to be a link between lobe-finned fishes and amphibians.
Which of the following is a characteristic that you would not expect to see in this transitional fossil?
Question options:
Skeletal structures that indicate the development of legs.
An intermediate structure between lungs and gills.
Teeth that are intermediate to the lobe-finned fishes and amphibians.
A neck that is more flexible than lobe-finned fishes.
Flight evolved two times among the animals in this phylogenetic tree; once in birds, and once in bats (mammals). The branches on
which flight evolved are marked. Please click where flight would have most likely evolved if it were actually a homologous
character
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Evolutionary Analysis (5th Edition)
Ch. 4 - According to the evolutionary tree in Figure 4.37,...Ch. 4 - According to the evolutionary tree in Figure 4.37,...Ch. 4 - Sketch a version of the tree in Figure 4.37 in...Ch. 4 - In the tree in Figure 4.37, identify a...Ch. 4 - What is a synapomorphy?Ch. 4 - High-crowned teeth that are well suited for...Ch. 4 - Assuming the four living species in Figure 4.38...Ch. 4 - The four fish in Figure 4.39 evolved from a common...Ch. 4 - What is homoplasy? Why does homoplasy make it more...Ch. 4 - Referring to the information in Figure 4.10,...
Ch. 4 - What is the difference between a molecular...Ch. 4 - Why is it seldom possible to exhaustively check...Ch. 4 - A clade in a phylogeny bears a label at its base...Ch. 4 - Examine the three primate phylogenies shown in...Ch. 4 - Historically, some scientists hypothesized that...Ch. 4 - Sketch the tree you would expect for dogs, wolves,...Ch. 4 - Darwin maintained that among living species, there...
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