Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 10, Problem 40Q
To determine
The reason for severe temperature variations between day and night on the Moon as compared to the Earth.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Universe
Ch. 10 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10 - Prob. 3CCCh. 10 - Prob. 4CCCh. 10 - Prob. 5CCCh. 10 - Prob. 1CLCCh. 10 - Prob. 1QCh. 10 - Prob. 2QCh. 10 - Prob. 3QCh. 10 - Prob. 4Q
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- What is a dust devil? Would you expect to feel more of a breeze from a dust devil on Mars or on Earth? Explain.arrow_forwardNear the martian equator, temperatures at the same spot can vary from an average of 135 °C at night to an average of 30 °C during the day. How can you explain such a wide difference in temperature compared to that on Earth?arrow_forward2. Show that the divergence of the geostrophic wind is – v,(cot $)/a if the variations in fwith latitude are accounted for (i.e., use the full definition of the Coriolis parameter f = 2.0 sin p). To derive this relationship, recall that on a spherical planet, the distance north is y = aø, where ø is latitude (in radians) and a is the radius of Earth (6,370,000 m). Thus, a derivative in y can be expressed as a derivative in latitude o via the following relationship: a 1 a ду а дфarrow_forward
- On mars, the surface temperature can be 55 F What is this temperatures in Celsius scale? (Hint: T F =(9/5)T C +32)arrow_forwardQuestion 2: Planet Mars Planetary Attribute Albedo Radius Gravitational acceleration Mean distance from sun Surface pressure Symbol a R (km) g (m/s²) D (km) Po (kPa) Earth 0.29 6378 9.8 150 x 106 101 Mars 0.25 3395 3.7 228 x 106 0.6 (a) Calculate an appropriate value for shortwave solar radiation (SM) incident at the top of the Martian atmosphere (answer in W/m²). The corresponding value for Earth, SE = 1360 W/m². (b) Estimate the average surface temperature on Mars (answer in degrees Kelvin) using a suitable radiative energy balance. The greenhouse effect can be neglected for Mars. (c) Estimate the mass of the Martian atmosphere (answer in kg).arrow_forward1. Compute the scale height for the atmosphere of Mars, which has a surface gravity of 3.7 m/?2,effective surface temperature of 218?, and atmospheric constituents in percent volume of 2.7% nitrogen(?2), 0.07% oxygen (?2), 1.6% argon (??), 95.6% carbon dioxide (??2), and 0.03% water vapor (?2?).The molar mass of oxygen (O) 15.999 ??/???? , nitrogen (N) 14.007 ??/???? ,argon (?? ) 39.948 ??/????, hydrogen (?) 1.00795 ??/???? and carbon 12.0107 ??/???� You can also find t[he entire question in the image belowarrow_forward
- The total mass of this planet's atmosphere may be higher than the Earth's but the gases present must be very lighter ones like hydrogen and helium. The escape velocity of the planet will be very high. Due to the high escape velocity, the light gases were not able to escape and hence forming a thick atmosphere Would the atmosphere for this planet be thicker or thinner than that of the Earth?arrow_forwardMercury, the closest planet to the sun (distance sun - Mercury = 57.0×106 km),has virtually no atmosphere. Its average temperature, as seen from space, is 170 °C.Determine the albedo, a, of Mercury. Earth's solar constant is 1372 W m-2 and the distancebetween sun and Earth is 150×106 km.arrow_forwardThe total mass of this planet's atmosphere may be higher than the Earth's but the gases present must be very light ones like hydrogen and helium. The escape velocity of the planet will be very high. Due to the high escape velocity, the light gases were not able to escape and hence forming a thick atmosphere Is the escaping velocity for this planet greater or lower than that of the earth?arrow_forward
- Construct a time series graph to show how insolation received at 0o latitude at the top of Earth’s atmosphere varies throughout the year. The vertical axis is divided into 1 cm intervals; beginning at 0 W/m2, let 1 cm represent 50 W/m2. Plot points on this graph (showing insolation for a given month) and join the points with a smooth, continuous line. On the same graph, draw similar lines for 50oN, 50oS, 80oN, and 80oSarrow_forwardThe weather channel said the current temp in Fairbanks Alaska is 50 degrees F while at the same time the temp in Mexico City was 50 degrees C what is the difference in temp between the two cities in the unit of K ??arrow_forwardQuestion 2: Planet Mars Planetary Attribute Albedo Radius Gravitational acceleration Mean distance from sun Surface pressure Symbol α R (km) g (m/s²) D (km) Po (kPa) Earth 0.29 6378 9.8 150 x 106 101 Mars 0.25 3395 3.7 228 x 106 0.6 (a) Calculate an appropriate value for shortwave solar radiation (SM) incident at the top of the Martian atmosphere (answer in W/m²). The corresponding value for Earth, SE = 1360 W/m². (b) Estimate the average surface temperature on Mars (answer in degrees Kelvin) using a suitable radiative energy balance. The greenhouse effect can be neglected for Mars. (c) Estimate the mass of the Martian atmosphere (answer in kg).arrow_forward
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